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Related Concept Videos

Seizures: Classification01:13

Seizures: Classification

574
Epilepsy is primarily characterized by unpredictable seizures, either provoked by an identifiable factor, such as injury or illness, or unprovoked, occurring spontaneously without apparent cause.
Seizures are typically classified into two main categories: focal and generalized seizures.
Focal Seizures
Focal seizures originate from specific regions of the brain. These seizures are further sub-classified into two types:
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Network Analysis of the Default Mode Network Using Functional Connectivity MRI in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy
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Volumetric and structural connectivity abnormalities co-localise in TLE.

Jonathan J Horsley1, Gabrielle M Schroeder1, Rhys H Thomas2

  • 1CNNP Lab (www.cnnp-lab.com), Interdisciplinary Computing and Complex BioSystems Group, School of Computing, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom.

Neuroimage. Clinical
|July 21, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) show related grey matter volume and white matter connectivity changes. These abnormalities may stem from shared underlying mechanisms, particularly within the same hemisphere.

Keywords:
ConnectionDurationEpilepsyMRINetworkVolume

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Epilepsy Research
  • Structural Brain Abnormalities

Background:

  • Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is characterized by volumetric and structural connectivity abnormalities.
  • The interrelation and underlying mechanisms of these abnormalities in TLE remain unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between grey matter volumetric and white matter structural connectivity abnormalities in TLE patients.
  • To explore the mechanisms and co-localization patterns of these brain abnormalities.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized T1-weighted MRI for regional grey matter volume calculation.
  • Employed diffusion-weighted MRI and fibre tractography for white matter structural connectivity analysis.
  • Applied hierarchical regression and Dice similarity scores to analyze interrelations and co-localization.

Main Results:

  • White matter connectivity abnormalities were more pronounced between grey matter regions with abnormal volumes.
  • Grey matter volumetric abnormalities were greater when connected by abnormal white matter pathways.
  • Abnormalities were related to epilepsy duration, with co-localization primarily in the ipsilateral hemisphere.

Conclusions:

  • Volumetric and structural connectivity abnormalities are interrelated in TLE.
  • Shared mechanisms likely contribute to both volume and connectivity alterations in TLE patients.
  • Findings highlight the complex interplay of structural changes in the epileptic brain.