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Children at play often make suspensions such as mixtures of mud and water, flour and water, or a suspension of solid pigments in water known as tempera paint. These suspensions are heterogeneous mixtures composed of relatively large particles visible to the naked eye or seen with a magnifying glass. They are cloudy, and the suspended particles settle out after mixing. The suspended particles in a suspension settle out after some time of mixing. The separation of particles from a suspension is...
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The various IMFs between identical molecules of a substance are examples of cohesive forces. The molecules within a liquid are surrounded by other molecules and are attracted equally in all directions by the cohesive forces within the liquid. However, the molecules on the surface of a liquid are attracted only by about one-half as many molecules. Because of the unbalanced molecular attractions on the surface molecules, liquids contract to form a shape that minimizes the number...
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Linking intermolecular interactions and rheological behaviour in capillary suspensions.

Ahmed Jarray1, Annika Feichtinger2, Elke Scholten2

  • 1Physics and Physical Chemistry of Foods, Wageningen University, PO Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, the Netherlands; Multi Scale Mechanics (MSM), MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, the Netherlands.

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|July 21, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Hansen solubility parameters predict capillary suspension formation and rheology. Intermolecular interactions, particularly hydrogen bonding and polar forces, control gel strength, guiding the formulation of new particulate gels.

Keywords:
Capillary bridgesCapillary suspensionsGelIntermolecular interactionsSolubility parameters

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Area of Science:

  • Colloid and Surface Science
  • Materials Science
  • Computational Chemistry

Background:

  • Capillary suspensions form networks of particles linked by liquid bridges.
  • Network formation and rheology depend on intermolecular interactions.
  • Predicting these properties is crucial for material design.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel approach using Hansen solubility parameters (HSP) to predict capillary suspension rheology.
  • To rationalize and guide the selection of components for capillary suspension formulation.

Main Methods:

  • Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations to compute HSP.
  • Experimental rheological analysis.
  • Interfacial tension measurements and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) imaging.

Main Results:

  • HSP theory successfully predicts capillary suspension formation.
  • Gel strength is controlled by intermolecular interactions, with hydrogen bonding and polar forces being key.
  • High bulk-secondary liquid immiscibility strengthens the gel up to a critical point.

Conclusions:

  • HSP provides a predictive framework for capillary suspension behavior.
  • This approach facilitates the rational design and formulation of particulate gels.
  • Understanding component interactions is vital for controlling material properties.