Magnesium Supplementation Is Associated with a Lower Cardio-Metabolic Risk in Patients Submitted to Bariatric Surgery

Area of Science:

• Metabolic Surgery
• Nutritional Science
• Cardiovascular Health

Background:

• Magnesium (Mg) intake is inversely linked to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), hypertension (HT), and dyslipidemia.
• Micronutrient deficiencies, including Mg, are common post-bariatric surgery (BS).
• Current guidelines lack Mg supplementation recommendations, and its effects post-BS are understudied.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the impact of Mg supplementation on cardio-metabolic risk factors in patients following bariatric surgery.
• To evaluate the association between Mg status and the prevalence of T2DM, HT, and dyslipidemia post-BS.

Main Methods:

• A retrospective observational study involving 3363 patients who underwent bariatric surgery.
• Data collection included preoperative assessment and annual follow-ups for four years.
• Analysis compared outcomes between supplemented and non-supplemented patients, and assessed Mg deficiency prevalence.

Main Results:

• Mg deficiency was more prevalent in non-supplemented patients (p < 0.05).
• Mg supplementation was associated with significantly lower percentages of T2DM, HT, and elevated LDL cholesterol (LDL-C > 130 mg/dL) in the first year post-surgery (ORs ranging from 0.545 to 0.612, p < 0.0001).
• These protective effects of Mg supplementation persisted throughout the 4-year follow-up period.

Conclusions:

• Magnesium supplementation appears to offer a protective effect against the development of T2DM, HT, and high LDL-C in post-bariatric surgery patients.
• Maintaining adequate Mg levels may be crucial for managing cardio-metabolic health after bariatric procedures.
• Further research into Mg supplementation protocols post-bariatric surgery is warranted.