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Area of Science:

  • Glaciology
  • Climate Science
  • Earth Observation

Background:

  • Antarctic Ice Sheet (AIS) elevation and mass fluctuate due to snowfall and ice flow variations.
  • Understanding these dynamics is crucial for predicting sea level rise.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To disentangle signals of snowfall and ice flow changes in the Antarctic Ice Sheet.
  • To quantify the contribution of East and West Antarctica to global sea level change.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 25 years of satellite radar altimeter observations.
  • Integration with a regional climate model to interpret glaciological signals.
  • Partitioning elevation changes into snow and ice variability.

Main Results:

  • 24% of West Antarctica is in a state of dynamical imbalance.
  • Significant thinning observed in Pine Island and Thwaites glacier basins (up to 122 m).
  • Rates of ice loss in these basins are five times greater than 25 years ago.

Conclusions:

  • East Antarctica contributed -1.1 ± 0.4 mm to global sea level (1992-2017).
  • West Antarctica contributed +5.7 ± 0.8 mm to global sea level (1992-2017).
  • Dynamical imbalance in West Antarctica is a key driver of recent sea level contributions.