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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 4, 2025

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Modification of the Association Between Frequent Aspirin Use and Ovarian Cancer Risk: A Meta-Analysis Using

Lauren M Hurwitz1, Mary K Townsend2, Susan J Jordan3

  • 1Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD.

Journal of Clinical Oncology : Official Journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology
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Summary

Frequent aspirin use significantly lowers ovarian cancer risk by 13%. This protective effect holds true for most women, even those with multiple risk factors, suggesting aspirin chemoprevention potential.

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Area of Science:

  • Gynecologic Oncology
  • Epidemiology
  • Preventive Medicine

Background:

  • Ovarian cancer risk is influenced by various factors, and the role of frequent aspirin use in mitigating this risk requires comprehensive evaluation.
  • Previous studies suggest an association between aspirin use and reduced ovarian cancer risk, but effect modification by other risk factors remains underexplored.

Approach:

  • A meta-analysis combined individual-level data from nine cohort and eight case-control studies, including over 8,300 ovarian cancer cases.
  • Cox and logistic regression models assessed frequent aspirin use (≥ 6 days/week) and ovarian cancer risk, with analyses stratified by individual risk factors and number of risk factors.

Key Points:

  • Frequent aspirin use was associated with a 13% reduction in overall ovarian cancer risk.
  • Risk reduction was consistent across subgroups defined by endometriosis, obesity, family history, nulliparity, oral contraceptive use, and tubal ligation.
  • Significant risk reduction was observed in women with multiple risk factors (RR=0.81, 95% CI: 0.73-0.90).

Conclusions:

  • Frequent aspirin use demonstrates a protective effect against ovarian cancer, independent of most common risk factors.
  • The findings support the potential of aspirin chemoprevention, particularly for women with multiple ovarian cancer risk factors.
  • This large-scale analysis provides robust evidence for aspirin's role in ovarian cancer risk reduction.