Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Association Areas of the Cortex01:21

Association Areas of the Cortex

6.1K
Association areas are regions of the cerebral cortex that do not have a specific sensory or motor function. Instead, they integrate and interpret information from various sources to enable higher cognitive processes such as memory, learning, and decision-making. Some key association areas include the following:
Prefrontal Association Area: This area is located in the frontal lobe and is involved in planning, decision-making, and moderating social behavior. It connects with primary motor areas,...
6.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Cortex-specific inversion of visual responses during sleep.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Cortex-specific inversion of visual responses during sleep.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Spatial Frequency Tuning Follows Scale Invariance in the Human Visual Cortex.

The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience·2026
Same author

Dynamic estimation of the attentional field from visual cortical activity.

eLife·2025
Same author

Attention Alters Population Spatial Frequency Tuning.

The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience·2025
Same author

Heterogeneous Effects of Cognitive Arousal on the Contrast Response in Human Visual Cortex.

The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience·2025
Same journal

Vestibular function drives gaze stability in locomoting macaques.

The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience·2026
Same journal

Region- and layer-specific glutamatergic synapse development in the nascent cortical hierarchy.

The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience·2026
Same journal

Endogenous peptide derived from c-Cbl-associated protein counteracts its inhibitory effect on enteric neural crest cell colonization in Hirschsprung disease.

The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience·2026
Same journal

Drowsiness alters the neural dynamics but not the core computations of multisensory integration.

The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience·2026
Same journal

A Matter of Parameters: Tailored Transcranial Focused Ultrasound Enhances Cortico-Thalamo-Cortical Circuit Resonance.

The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience·2026
Same journal

Proactive visual and motor prioritization differentially scale with cue reliability.

The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 3, 2025

Correlating Behavioral Responses to fMRI Signals from Human Prefrontal Cortex: Examining Cognitive Processes Using Task Analysis
10:33

Correlating Behavioral Responses to fMRI Signals from Human Prefrontal Cortex: Examining Cognitive Processes Using Task Analysis

Published on: June 20, 2012

12.9K

Feature-Based Attention Multiplicatively Scales the fMRI-BOLD Contrast-Response Function.

Joshua J Foster1,2, Sam Ling1,2

  • 1Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215 jjfoster@bu.edu samling@bu.edu.

The Journal of Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience
|July 22, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Functional MRI (fMRI) can detect multiplicative effects of attention, resolving a key discrepancy with electrophysiology. This study shows fMRI is sensitive to how attention modulates sensory gain, enhancing our understanding of neural coding.

Keywords:
BOLDattentioncontrast-response functionsfMRIfeature-based attention

More Related Videos

Simultaneous Data Collection of fMRI and fNIRS Measurements Using a Whole-Head Optode Array and Short-Distance Channels
08:19

Simultaneous Data Collection of fMRI and fNIRS Measurements Using a Whole-Head Optode Array and Short-Distance Channels

Published on: October 20, 2023

1.2K
Transferring Cognitive Tasks Between Brain Imaging Modalities: Implications for Task Design and Results Interpretation in fMRI Studies
10:09

Transferring Cognitive Tasks Between Brain Imaging Modalities: Implications for Task Design and Results Interpretation in fMRI Studies

Published on: September 22, 2014

13.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 3, 2025

Correlating Behavioral Responses to fMRI Signals from Human Prefrontal Cortex: Examining Cognitive Processes Using Task Analysis
10:33

Correlating Behavioral Responses to fMRI Signals from Human Prefrontal Cortex: Examining Cognitive Processes Using Task Analysis

Published on: June 20, 2012

12.9K
Simultaneous Data Collection of fMRI and fNIRS Measurements Using a Whole-Head Optode Array and Short-Distance Channels
08:19

Simultaneous Data Collection of fMRI and fNIRS Measurements Using a Whole-Head Optode Array and Short-Distance Channels

Published on: October 20, 2023

1.2K
Transferring Cognitive Tasks Between Brain Imaging Modalities: Implications for Task Design and Results Interpretation in fMRI Studies
10:09

Transferring Cognitive Tasks Between Brain Imaging Modalities: Implications for Task Design and Results Interpretation in fMRI Studies

Published on: September 22, 2014

13.3K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Neuroimaging

Background:

  • Functional MRI (fMRI) is crucial for studying attention's brain effects.
  • A discrepancy exists between fMRI and electrophysiological findings on attention's impact on sensory gain.
  • Electrophysiology shows attention increases sensory gain multiplicatively, while fMRI typically shows additive effects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if fMRI is sensitive to multiplicative effects of attention.
  • To address limitations in understanding attention's role in sensory coding using fMRI.
  • To examine attention's impact on contrast-response functions (CRFs) in visual cortex.

Main Methods:

  • Employed a feature-based attention paradigm to isolate multiplicative effects.
  • Measured Blood-Oxygen-Level-Dependent (BOLD) activity in visual areas V1-V3.
  • Parametrically varied stimulus contrast to measure CRFs under attended and unattended conditions.

Main Results:

  • Feature-based attention increased contrast gain in V1-V3, indicated by a shift in CRFs.
  • Attention improved sensitivity by shifting CRFs towards lower contrasts.
  • Increased response gain was observed in V2 and V3, particularly at inner eccentricities.

Conclusions:

  • The fMRI-BOLD signal is sensitive to multiplicative effects of attention.
  • These findings reconcile fMRI and electrophysiological data on attention.
  • fMRI can effectively capture how attention modulates sensory gain and neural coding.