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Structured matter creates toroidal structured light.

Andrew Forbes1

  • 1School of Physics, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa. andrew.forbes@wits.ac.za.

Light, Science & Applications
|July 22, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Researchers created "flying doughnut" light pulses using nano-structured metasurfaces. These novel toroidal emitters generate spatial-temporal electromagnetic pulses in visible and THz ranges.

Area of Science:

  • Optics and Photonics
  • Metamaterials Science
  • Electromagnetism

Background:

  • Metasurfaces offer unique light manipulation capabilities.
  • Toroidal emitters are theoretically predicted but experimentally challenging.
  • Controlling light propagation in spatial-temporal dimensions is a key research area.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To engineer nano-structured metasurfaces capable of toroidal emission.
  • To experimentally demonstrate the generation of
  • flying doughnuts
  • light pulses.
  • To explore the potential of these pulses in visible and terahertz (THz) regimes.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of artificial atoms with specific nano-structures.

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  • Characterization of metasurfaces for toroidal emission properties.
  • Experimental validation of spatial-temporal electromagnetic toroidal pulses.

    • Main Results:

    • Successfully tailored nano-structured metasurfaces acting as toroidal emitters.
    • Observed propagating spatial-temporal electromagnetic toroidal pulses.
    • Demonstrated the phenomenon in both visible and THz spectral ranges.

    Conclusions:

    • Nano-structured metasurfaces enable the creation of novel light forms.
    • "Flying doughnuts" represent a new class of propagating toroidal pulses.
    • This work opens avenues for advanced light control and applications.