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Related Concept Videos

Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms-SNPs01:05

Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms-SNPs

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A single nucleotide polymorphism or SNP is a single nucleotide variation at a specific genomic position in a large population. It is the most prevalent type of sequence variation found in the human genome. Point mutations that occur in more than 1% of the population qualify as SNPs. These are present once every 1000 nucleotides on an average in the human genome. Replacement of a purine with another purine (A/G) or a pyrimidine with another pyrimidine (C/T) is known as a transition. In contrast,...
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Treatment Resistant Cancers02:56

Treatment Resistant Cancers

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Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. A cancer cell is genetically unstable and hence can mutate faster. They can also modify their microenvironment and escape immune surveillance. The difficulties in treating cancer are further compounded by the emergence of rapid resistance to anticancer drugs. The most common ways to attain resistance in cancer cells include alteration in drug transport and metabolism, modification of drug target, elevated DNA damage response, or...
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Comparing Copy Number Variations and SNPs02:26

Comparing Copy Number Variations and SNPs

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Sequencing of the human genome has opened up several best-kept secrets of the genome. Scientists have identified thousands of genome variations that exist within a population. These variations can be a single nucleotide or a larger chromosomal variation.
Copy number variations or CNVs are the structural variations that cover more than 1kb of DNA sequence. The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), on the other hand, is a single nucleotide change or a point mutation that is found in more than 1%...
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Cancer arises from mutations in the critical genes that allow healthy cells to escape cell cycle regulation and acquire the ability to proliferate indefinitely. Though originating from a single mutation event in one of the originator cells, cancer progresses when the mutant cell lines continue to gain more and more mutations, and finally, become malignant. For example, chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) develops initially as a non-lethal increase in white blood cells, which progressively...
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Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes01:05

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Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...
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Genome-wide Association Studies-GWAS01:11

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Genome-wide association studies or GWAS are used to identify whether common SNPs are associated with certain diseases. Suppose specific SNPs are more frequently observed in individuals with a particular disease than those without the disease. In that case, those SNPs are said to be associated with the disease. Chi-square analysis is performed to check the probability of the allele likely to be associated with the disease.
GWAS does not require the identification of the target gene involved in...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 3, 2025

Implementation of In Vitro Drug Resistance Assays: Maximizing the Potential for Uncovering Clinically Relevant Resistance Mechanisms
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Single nucleotide polymorphism patterns associated with a cancer resistant phenotype.

June K Dunnick1, Arun R Pandiri2, Keith R Shockley3

  • 1Systemic Toxicology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA.

Experimental and Molecular Pathology
|July 25, 2022
PubMed
Summary

The WSB mouse strain exhibits the lowest cancer incidence among ten diverse strains. Unique genetic variations in WSB mice offer insights into cancer resistance mechanisms and prevention strategies.

Keywords:
CancerImmuneMembrane-related functionsMetabolicMitochondriaMouse strainsSingle nucleotide polymorphisms

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Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Cancer Research
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Ten diverse laboratory mouse strains were analyzed to determine cancer incidence.
  • This study aimed to identify a mouse strain with a naturally low cancer rate.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify the mouse strain with the lowest incidence of cancer.
  • To report unique single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with low cancer incidence.

Main Methods:

  • Cancer incidence was evaluated using gross and microscopic tumor diagnosis in 10 mouse strains.
  • Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified in coding genome regions using sequencing databases.

Main Results:

  • The WSB mouse strain showed significantly lower benign and malignant tumor incidence compared to other strains.
  • Malignant tumor incidence in WSB mice was 2% (males) and 14% (females) at 2 years.
  • 7519 SNPs causing unique amino acid changes were identified in the WSB strain's genome.

Conclusions:

  • WSB mouse strain's cancer resistance is linked to genetic patterns in mitochondrial, metabolic, immune, and membrane-related cell functions.
  • Unique SNP patterns in cancer-resistant mice provide insights for developing cancer prevention strategies.