Effect of transcranial direct-current stimulation on executive function and resting EEG after stroke: A pilot...

Area of Science:

• Neuroscience
• Neurology
• Rehabilitation Medicine

Background:

• Post-stroke executive impairment (PSEI) is a significant challenge.
• Resting-state electroencephalogram (EEG) aids in assessing executive dysfunction.
• The efficacy of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) for PSEI is debated.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the impact of tDCS on executive function in stroke patients using EEG.
• To explore the neurophysiological underpinnings of tDCS effects on executive function.

Main Methods:

• A randomized controlled trial involving 24 patients with PSEI.
• Experimental group received real anodal tDCS (2 mA, 20 min/day for 7 days) targeting the left dorsolateral prefrontal lobe (F3).
• Control group received sham stimulation; executive function assessed via neuropsychological scales and EEG.

Main Results:

• The tDCS group showed significant improvements in the symbol digit modalities test, TMT-A, TMT-B, and digital span test compared to the sham group.
• Anodal tDCS led to a significant increase in theta band power in the left central zone.
• EEG theta power changes positively correlated with improvements in the symbol digit modalities test.

Conclusions:

• Anodal tDCS is effective in enhancing executive function in patients with PSEI.
• tDCS-induced cognitive improvements are associated with increased theta power in the targeted brain region.
• EEG provides valuable insights into the mechanisms of tDCS for stroke recovery.