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[Perspectives on recent monkeypox outbreak in non-endemic areas].
1Department of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Disease, Peking Union Medical College hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China.
Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi
|July 25, 2022
Summary
Monkeypox, a rare infectious disease, has seen an unusual outbreak in non-endemic countries, raising concerns for human-to-human transmission. Early surveillance and identification of cases are crucial for prevention and control.
Area of Science:
- Epidemiology
- Infectious Diseases
- Public Health
Background:
- Monkeypox is a rare zoonotic disease endemic to West and Central Africa, caused by the monkeypox virus.
- An unusual outbreak of monkeypox has been reported in 19 non-endemic countries, with 219 confirmed cases as of May 25th.
- This outbreak exhibits a high risk of human-to-human transmission, potentially linked to reduced smallpox vaccination-induced herd immunity and specific population behaviors.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the current monkeypox outbreak in non-endemic regions.
- To assess the risk factors contributing to human-to-human transmission.
- To provide recommendations for surveillance and control measures.
Main Methods:
- Review of reported monkeypox cases in non-endemic countries.
- Analysis of epidemiological data and transmission patterns.
- Assessment of potential contributing factors such as vaccination status and behavior.
Main Results:
- A significant number of monkeypox cases have emerged in non-endemic countries, indicating unusual transmission patterns.
- Human-to-human transmission is a prominent feature of this outbreak.
- Potential factors include waning immunity from smallpox vaccination and specific behavioral dynamics.
Conclusions:
- While a global epidemic is unlikely, China must remain vigilant for imported monkeypox cases.
- Establishing a robust surveillance system for early detection of suspicious cases and contacts is critical.
- Prompt identification and isolation are key to preventing further spread.
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