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IgM Positivity for Both EBV and CMV: A Clinical Conundrum
Tulip A Jhaveri1, Courtney Harris2, Paul E Sax2
1Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA.
Open Forum Infectious Diseases
|July 25, 2022
Summary
Dual positivity for Epstein-Barr virus and cytomegalovirus immunoglobulin M is more common than previously thought. Careful patient history and supplemental testing are crucial for accurate interpretation of these results.
Area of Science:
- Infectious Diseases
- Virology
- Immunology
Background:
- Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and cytomegalovirus (CMV) are common human herpesviruses.
- Immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibodies indicate recent or active infection.
- Co-infection with EBV and CMV can present diagnostic challenges.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the frequency of dual EBV and CMV IgM positivity.
- To identify clinical features associated with dual positivity.
- To provide guidance on interpreting concurrent EBV and CMV IgM results.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of 28 patients with dual EBV and CMV IgM positivity.
- Analysis of patient medical histories.
- Evaluation of diagnostic testing strategies.
Main Results:
- Dual EBV and CMV IgM positivity occurs more frequently than previously recognized.
- Specific patient demographics and clinical presentations were observed in dual-positive cases.
- Interpretation of dual positivity necessitates thorough clinical correlation.
Conclusions:
- Clinicians should be aware of the increased prevalence of dual EBV and CMV IgM positivity.
- A detailed patient history and judicious use of supplemental testing are essential for accurate diagnosis.
- Recommendations are provided for the clinical interpretation of these serological findings.
