Research on Methods Decreasing Pesticide Waste Based on Plant Protection Unmanned Aerial Vehicles: A Review.

Area of Science:

• Agricultural Engineering
• Environmental Science
• Aerospace Engineering

Background:

• Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) technology offers efficient crop protection, especially in challenging terrains.
• Complex airflow beneath UAVs leads to poor droplet deposition, causing pesticide waste and environmental pollution.
• Optimizing droplet deposition is crucial for maximizing pesticide efficacy and minimizing environmental impact.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review recent studies on droplet deposition in UAV-based plant protection.
• To identify factors affecting pesticide utilization efficiency during UAV spraying.
• To explore methods for improving droplet deposition and precision spraying algorithms.

Main Methods:

• Analysis of flight parameters (altitude, speed) and environmental factors influencing pesticide application.
• Review of advancements in spray nozzle technology.
• Examination of electrostatic spray systems for enhanced deposition.
• Investigation of variable spray systems for targeted application.

Main Results:

• Flight parameters and environmental conditions significantly impact pesticide utilization efficiency.
• Nozzle design, electrostatic charging, and variable spray systems show potential for improving droplet deposition.
• Further development in precision spray algorithms is needed for optimized UAV application.

Conclusions:

• Improving UAV spray technology is essential to reduce pesticide waste and environmental contamination.
• Optimized droplet deposition enhances the effectiveness of plant protection measures.
• Future research should focus on advanced algorithms for precision spraying with UAVs.