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Related Concept Videos

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection01:22

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

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T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
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Immune Surveillance by NK Cells and Phagocytes01:25

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Immune surveillance is an integral part of the innate immune system, involving the continuous monitoring of peripheral tissues to detect and respond to pathogens, infected cells, or cancerous cells. This surveillance is conducted primarily by natural killer (NK) cells and phagocytes, which employ distinct but complementary mechanisms to identify and eliminate threats.
Natural Killer Cells: The Fast Responders
NK cells are large granular lymphocytes found in the blood and lymphatic system. These...
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Cells of the Innate Immune Response01:28

Cells of the Innate Immune Response

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The innate immune response is an immediate and non-specific response against pathogens, acting swiftly to prevent the spread of infections. The primary cells involved in this response are phagocytes and natural killer (NK) cells.
Phagocytes
Phagocytes police the peripheral tissues by removing cellular debris and responding to the invasion of foreign substances or pathogens. Many phagocytes attack and remove microorganisms even before lymphocytes detect them. The human body has two general...
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Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response01:27

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Cytotoxic T cells are a vital component of the immune system. They have the remarkable ability to identify and target antigens on infected or abnormal cells. These antigens often originate from intracellular pathogens such as viruses or abnormal proteins cancer cells produce.
Immunological surveillance is the ability of immune cells to monitor and eliminate infected cells with intracellular pathogens, neoplastically transformed cells, and cells with non-self antigens. Cytotoxic T cells and NK...
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T Cell Types and Functions01:24

T Cell Types and Functions

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When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
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Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens01:29

Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens

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The immune system's response to viral infections is a complex and coordinated process involving natural killer (NK) cells, T cell-mediated responses, and antibody-mediated responses.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 3, 2025

Adoptive Immunotherapy of iNKT Cells in Glucose-6-Phosphate Isomerase G6PI-Induced RA Mice
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Adoptive Immunotherapy of iNKT Cells in Glucose-6-Phosphate Isomerase G6PI-Induced RA Mice

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NKG7 Enhances CD8+ T Cell Synapse Efficiency to Limit Inflammation.

Emily J Lelliott1,2, Kelly M Ramsbottom1, Mark R Dowling1,2

  • 1Centre for Cancer Immunotherapy, Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.

Frontiers in Immunology
|July 25, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Natural killer cell granule protein 7 (NKG7) enhances CD8+ T cell immune synapse efficiency. This boosts anti-tumor immunity by accelerating direct cytotoxicity and limiting inflammation during cancer immunotherapy.

Keywords:
NKG7cytotoxic T lymphocytesimmune synapseimmunotherapyinflammationtumor necrosis factor

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Interview: Glycolipid Antigen Presentation by CD1d and the Therapeutic Potential of NKT cell Activation
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Artificial Antigen Presenting Cell aAPC Mediated Activation and Expansion of Natural Killer T Cells
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Interview: Glycolipid Antigen Presentation by CD1d and the Therapeutic Potential of NKT cell Activation
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Artificial Antigen Presenting Cell aAPC Mediated Activation and Expansion of Natural Killer T Cells

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cancer Biology
  • Cellular Cytotoxicity

Background:

  • Cytotoxic lymphocytes are crucial for anti-tumor immunity and cancer immunotherapy responses.
  • Natural killer cell granule protein 7 (NKG7) is highly expressed in tumor-infiltrating cytotoxic lymphocytes, but its function was unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of NKG7 in CD8+ T cell-mediated anti-tumor immunity.
  • To elucidate the mechanisms by which NKG7 influences cytotoxic lymphocyte function and anti-tumor responses.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized NKG7-deficient and wild-type mice with MC38-OVA tumors.
  • Assessed CD8+ T cell degranulation and target cell killing in vitro.
  • Investigated immune synapse formation and cytokine secretion (TNF-alpha).
  • Examined the role of TNF receptor (TNFR1) in tumor cells in vivo.

Main Results:

  • NKG7 deficiency did not affect tumor growth in vivo, despite reduced in vitro cytotoxicity.
  • NKG7-deficient CD8+ T cells showed impaired degranulation but prolonged immune synapse formation.
  • NKG7 deficiency led to increased TNF-alpha secretion, which compensated for reduced cytotoxicity via TNFR1-mediated tumor cell death.

Conclusions:

  • NKG7 enhances CD8+ T cell immune synapse efficiency, promoting direct tumor cell killing.
  • NKG7 function may balance direct cytotoxicity with the regulation of inflammatory responses.
  • NKG7 plays a complex role in anti-tumor immunity, influencing both cytotoxic activity and inflammatory signaling.