Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 3, 2025

Author Spotlight: Advancements in Multiplex Detection of Respiratory Viruses
03:53

Author Spotlight: Advancements in Multiplex Detection of Respiratory Viruses

Published on: November 10, 2023

1.3K

COVID-19 Inpatient Deaths and Brought-in-Dead Cases in Malaysia

Poh Ying Lim1, Salmiah Md Said1, Hayati Kadir Shahar1,2

  • 1Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia.

Frontiers in Public Health
|July 25, 2022
PubMed

Insights

In Malaysia, 20.2% of COVID-19 deaths were brought-in-dead (BID) cases. Factors like age, non-citizen status, lack of vaccination, and no comorbidities increased BID probability, signaling potential health system failures.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Health Services Research

Background:

  • Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) mortality occurs both in and out of hospitals.
  • Brought-in-dead (BID) cases, defined as COVID-19 deaths occurring outside a hospital and subsequently brought to one, are a significant concern in Malaysia.
  • Characteristics of BID COVID-19 cases in Malaysia remain unclear, necessitating further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the characteristics of 29,155 COVID-19 mortality cases in Malaysia.
  • To determine factors associated with a high probability of brought-in-dead (BID) COVID-19 cases.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a national open data source for COVID-19 mortality cases from March 17, 2020, to November 3, 2021.
  • Employed a multilevel logistic regression model to analyze factors associated with BID cases.
  • Analyzed data from 29,155 COVID-19 mortality cases.

Main Results:

  • Of 29,155 COVID-19 deaths, 5,903 (20.2%) were classified as BID.
  • Higher probability of BID was observed in individuals aged 18-59 years, non-Malaysians, those without comorbidities, and unvaccinated individuals.
  • The interval between the date of death and diagnosis was also associated with increased BID probability.

Conclusions:

  • The high prevalence of BID cases (20.2%) indicates potential failures within the health system.
  • Urgent attention from stakeholders is required to address the alarming rate of BID cases.
  • Recommendations include intensifying vaccination campaigns, addressing non-citizen healthcare access, improving awareness of COVID-19 symptoms, and identifying health system gaps.

Keywords:
COVID-19Malaysiabrought-in-deathinpatient deathmortality case

More Related Videos

An Educational Video Demonstration of How to Prone a Critically Ill Intubated Patient07:16

An Educational Video Demonstration of How to Prone a Critically Ill Intubated Patient

Published on: November 30, 2022

3.5K
Halogenated Agent Delivery in Porcine Model of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome via an Intensive Care Unit Type Device09:36

Halogenated Agent Delivery in Porcine Model of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome via an Intensive Care Unit Type Device

Published on: September 24, 2020

2.8K

Related Concept Videos

Healthcare Associated Infections II: Preventive Measures01:22

Healthcare Associated Infections II: Preventive Measures

Essential infection prevention measures are based on the knowledge of the infection chain, the modes of transmission in healthcare settings, and the use of the best practices in all healthcare settings. Compulsory public reporting of healthcare-associated infection rates is needed to allow individuals and the community to make informed choices regarding selecting a healthcare facility.
The best practices for preventing healthcare-associated infections include hand hygiene, patient risk...
2.8K
Pneumonia I: Introduction01:30

Pneumonia I: Introduction

Pneumonia is an acute respiratory infection that targets the lungs, specifically the alveoli. These tiny air sacs, essential for oxygen exchange, become engorged with pus and fluid, severely hindering breathing, decreasing oxygen absorption, and causing significant pain and discomfort during respiration.
Risk Factors
Various factors influence the likelihood of developing pneumonia. Age plays a crucial role, with infants, children under two, and individuals over 65 at increased risk due to their...
315
Transmission-based Precautions II: Airborne and Protective Environment01:25

Transmission-based Precautions II: Airborne and Protective Environment

Transmission-based precautions are for patients infected or suspected to be infected (or colonized) with organisms posing a significant risk to others. The transmission precautions include airborne and protective environment precautions.
Airborne precautions:
Use airborne precautions when treating patients known or suspected to have diseases that spread through the air—for example, tuberculosis or measles. These organisms are present in smaller droplets expelled by an infected person and...
1.4K
Pneumonia III: Complications and Assessment01:30

Pneumonia III: Complications and Assessment

Pneumonia poses the potential for numerous complications that warrant consideration. These complications include the following:
422