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Printability of Double Network Alginate-Based Hydrogel for 3D Bio-Printed Complex Structures.

Immacolata Greco1, Vanja Miskovic1, Carolina Varon1

  • 1Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.

Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology
|July 25, 2022
PubMed
Summary

This study optimized double network (DN) hydrogel printability for 3D bio-printing. Adding glycerol and adjusting flow rates improved accuracy in creating complex structures like 3D tubular scaffolds.

Keywords:
3D bio-printingalginatebiomaterialshydrogelsink viscosityshape fidelity

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Engineering
  • Tissue Engineering
  • 3D Bio-printing

Background:

  • 3D bio-printing requires careful material selection for optimal print quality.
  • Hydrogels offer biocompatibility but their printability is often overlooked.
  • Double network (DN) hydrogels combine strength, toughness, and biocompatibility.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the printability of poly (ethylene glycol)-diacrylate (PEGDA)/sodium alginate (SA) based DN hydrogels.
  • To optimize printing parameters for enhanced accuracy in creating 1D, 2D, and 3D structures.
  • To establish a reference for printing complex 3D architectures using DN hydrogels.

Main Methods:

  • Formulation of PEGDA/alginate-based DN hydrogels.
  • Addition of glycerol to improve ink extrudability.
  • Systematic investigation of glycerol concentrations and flow rates.
  • Evaluation of printing accuracy for lines, lattices, and tubular structures.

Main Results:

  • Glycerol addition enhanced the extrudability of the DN hydrogel ink.
  • Optimal printing accuracy was achieved with 25% glycerol and a 2 mm/s flow rate.
  • Achieved line width of 1 mm and angular inaccuracy < 1°.
  • Successfully printed complex 3D tubular structures with high accuracy.

Conclusions:

  • Optimized printing parameters are crucial for achieving high accuracy in 3D bio-printing of DN hydrogels.
  • The developed method provides a reliable approach for fabricating complex 3D hydrogel structures.
  • This research serves as a foundation for future advancements in 3D bio-printing for tissue engineering applications.