Menopause, skin and common dermatoses. Part 4: oral disorders

The physiological impact of declining oestrogen levels during menopause has been well documented. We conducted a literature review to assess the impact of menopause on oral health. Falling oestrogen levels are associated with adverse effects on the gingival, oral and buccal epithelia. The symptoms prevalent in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women range from dry mouth to immune-mediated mucocutaneous disease and burning mouth syndrome. Our review has highlighted the need for further research into potential treatments for oral symptoms in menopause, particularly with regard to hormone replacement therapy.