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Acute Alcohol Intoxication in Pediatric Emergencies
Cristina Castro-Rodríguez1, Jorge Lorente-Romero, Arístides Rivas-García
1From the Pediatric Emergency Department, General University Hospital Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain.
Pediatric alcohol intoxication is a growing concern. Most cases in the pediatric emergency department present with mild, self-limiting symptoms like decreased consciousness and hypokalemia.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Toxicology
- Emergency Medicine
Background:
- Alcohol intoxication in children is an increasing public health issue.
- Understanding its prevalence and characteristics in pediatric emergency departments (PEDs) is crucial.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence of acute alcohol intoxication in a pediatric emergency setting.
- To describe associated symptoms and identify potential risk factors.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional study analyzed patients under 16 with acute alcohol intoxication from March 2010 to October 2018.
- Patients with co-intoxication by other substances were excluded.
- Statistical analysis included chi-squared, Fisher exact, t-tests, Mann-Whitney U, and linear regression.
Main Results:
- 126 pediatric patients (mean age 14.5 years) were included, with a prevalence of 24.1/100,000 emergencies.
- Mean blood alcohol concentration was 195.7 mg/dL; 3.6% had potentially serious levels (>300 mg/dL).
- Decreased Glasgow Coma Scale score correlated with higher ethanolemia and lower potassium levels; 10.3% required admission.
Conclusions:
- Acute alcohol intoxication is an infrequent reason for pediatric emergency visits.
- Symptoms are typically mild and self-limiting, with decreased consciousness and hypokalemia being most common.
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