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The gut microbiome, immune check point inhibition and immune-related adverse events in non-small cell lung cancer
Philip Bredin1, Jarushka Naidoo2,3,4
1Beaumont RCSI Cancer Centre, Dublin, Ireland.
Abstract:
Systemic treatment options for patients with lung cancer have expanded in recent years, with a number of immunotherapeutic strategies now in our treatment armamentarium. Toxicity of and resistance to treatment hold a major stake in lung cancer morbidity and mortality. Herein, we summarise the background, current evidence and potential mechanisms underlying the role of the commensal gut microbiota in immunotherapy outcomes such as response and toxicity in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
Insights
The gut microbiota influences immunotherapy effectiveness and side effects in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Understanding these gut bacteria interactions can improve lung cancer treatment outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Immunology
- Microbiome Research
Background:
- Systemic treatments for lung cancer have advanced, incorporating immunotherapies.
- Treatment toxicity and resistance significantly contribute to lung cancer morbidity and mortality.
- The gut microbiota's role in cancer treatment is an emerging area of research.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the current evidence on the gut microbiota's impact on immunotherapy outcomes in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
- To explore potential mechanisms linking gut bacteria to treatment response and toxicity in NSCLC patients.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies investigating the gut microbiome and lung cancer immunotherapy.
- Analysis of current evidence on response and toxicity related to gut microbiota composition.
- Discussion of proposed biological mechanisms.
Main Results:
- Evidence suggests a correlation between specific gut microbial compositions and patient response to immunotherapy.
- Gut microbiota alterations are associated with varying degrees of treatment-related toxicity.
- Mechanisms may involve modulation of systemic immunity and drug metabolism.
Conclusions:
- The gut microbiota plays a crucial role in modulating the efficacy and toxicity of immunotherapies in NSCLC.
- Targeting the gut microbiome presents a potential strategy to enhance treatment outcomes and manage side effects.
- Further research is warranted to elucidate specific microbial targets and interventions.
