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Peritoneal dialysis-related peritonitis caused by Rhodococcus corynebacterioides

Yuki Tanaka1, Daisuke Hirai2, Yuriko Kawai1

  • 1Department of Nephrology, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, 1-1, Mukaihata-cho, Fukakusa, Fushimi-ku, Kyoto, 612-8555, Japan.

CEN Case Reports
|July 25, 2022
PubMed

Insights

This case report details the first instance of peritonitis in a peritoneal dialysis patient caused by Rhodococcus corynebacterioides. Rapid identification using mass spectrometry aided in guiding treatment for this rare dialysis complication.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Peritoneal dialysis is a common treatment for end-stage renal disease.
  • Peritonitis is a serious complication of peritoneal dialysis, requiring prompt diagnosis and treatment.
  • Identifying the causative organism is crucial for effective peritonitis management.

Observation:

  • A 57-year-old Japanese man undergoing peritoneal dialysis presented with his fifth episode of peritonitis.
  • Rhodococcus corynebacterioides was identified as the causative agent in the ascitic fluid.
  • Initial treatment with intraperitoneal vancomycin showed temporary improvement.

Findings:

  • The patient experienced recurrent peritonitis despite initial treatment.
  • The causative organism, Rhodococcus corynebacterioides, was rapidly identified using mass spectrometry.
  • This is the first reported case of peritoneal dialysis-associated peritonitis caused by Rhodococcus corynebacterioides.

Implications:

  • Rapid identification of rare pathogens like Rhodococcus corynebacterioides is essential for effective peritonitis treatment in peritoneal dialysis patients.
  • Mass spectrometry offers a faster alternative to 16S rRNA gene sequencing for identifying challenging organisms.
  • Recurrent peritonitis may necessitate catheter removal, highlighting the importance of timely and accurate diagnosis.
Keywords:
16SrRNA gene analysisMass spectrometryPeritoneal dialysis-related peritonitisRhodococcus corynebacterioides

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