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Collecting Sleep, Circadian, Fatigue, and Performance Data in Complex Operational Environments
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Running on Empty: Self-Reported Sleep/Wake Behaviour during Ultra-Marathon Events Exceeding 100 Miles.

Dean J Miller1, Darren Bianchi1, Michele Lastella1

  • 1Appleton Institute for Behavioural Science, Central Queensland University, Adelaide, SA 5034, Australia.

European Journal of Investigation in Health, Psychology and Education
|July 25, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Ultra-marathon runners often forgo sleep, but longer races (over 200 miles) necessitate sleep for sustained performance. Sleep strategies become crucial for ultra-endurance athletes as race duration increases.

Keywords:
athletessleepsleep deprivationultra-marathon

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Area of Science:

  • Sports Science
  • Sleep Research
  • Human Performance

Background:

  • Ultra-marathon running involves extreme physical and mental exertion.
  • Sleep deprivation is a significant factor in ultra-endurance events.
  • Understanding sleep/wake behaviors is critical for athlete well-being and performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate sleep/wake behaviors and strategies in ultra-marathon runners.
  • To analyze the impact of race distance on sleep patterns during events exceeding 100 miles.
  • To identify potential trade-offs between sleep deprivation and performance in ultra-marathons.

Main Methods:

  • A web-based questionnaire was administered to 119 ultra-marathon athletes.
  • Habitual sleep/wake behavior was assessed before, during, and after races.
  • Data were categorized by race distance: 100-149 miles, 150-199 miles, and ≥200 miles.

Main Results:

  • 74% of athletes reported not sleeping during their races.
  • Races ≥200 miles showed more sleep opportunities, longer sleep duration, and more total sleep compared to 100-149 mile races (p ≤ 0.001).
  • Shorter races prioritized continuous running over sleep, while longer races indicated a need for sleep to maintain performance.

Conclusions:

  • Continuous wakefulness may be tolerated in shorter ultra-marathons, but longer events necessitate sleep to sustain performance.
  • Sleep need increases with extended wakefulness and race duration, aligning with sleep/wake behavior models.
  • Sleep management education and consultation with sleep scientists are recommended for ultra-marathon athletes.