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Related Concept Videos

Aortic Regurgitation III: Medical Management01:25

Aortic Regurgitation III: Medical Management

38
Aortic regurgitation (AR) is when the aortic valve does not close or seal properly, leading to backward blood circulation from the aorta into the left ventricle during diastole. Common causes of AR include rheumatic heart disease, congenital valve defects, and aortic root dilation. Managing AR requires a multifaceted approach to alleviate symptoms, preserve left ventricular function, and address the underlying cause of the regurgitation. Patients with symptomatic AR or significant left...
38
Urinary Tract Calculi VI: Surgical Management01:25

Urinary Tract Calculi VI: Surgical Management

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Procedures for Kidney StonesMedical intervention is necessary when kidney stones or renal calculi are too large to pass spontaneously (typically greater than 5 millimeters) when stones are accompanied by symptomatic infection (such as fever or pyelonephritis), when they impair kidney function, or when they cause persistent symptoms like severe pain, nausea, or urinary retention. Additionally, patients with only one kidney or those who cannot be treated with medical management also require...
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Mitral Stenosis III: Medical Management01:26

Mitral Stenosis III: Medical Management

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Mitral stenosis, a condition marked by the narrowing of the mitral valve, necessitates an integrated approach for effective management. This approach includes preventative measures, medical therapy, and surgical interventions to reduce symptoms and prevent complications.PreventionPrevention of mitral stenosis primarily focuses on reducing the incidence of bacterial infections, particularly streptococcal infections, which can lead to rheumatic fever and subsequent valvular damage. Timely...
18
Aortic Regurgitation I: Introduction01:15

Aortic Regurgitation I: Introduction

35
IntroductionAortic regurgitation is characterized by the backward flow of blood from the aorta into the left ventricle during diastole and arises from the improper closure of the aortic valve. This condition results in left ventricular volume overload and can stem from both acute and chronic etiologies, each contributing uniquely to the disease's progression and symptomatology.Acute and Chronic CausesAcute aortic regurgitation often results from events that suddenly impair the integrity of the...
35
Mitral Regurgitation III: Medical Management01:25

Mitral Regurgitation III: Medical Management

27
Mitral regurgitation (MR) is characterized by retrograde blood circulation from the left ventricle into the left atrium due to inadequate mitral valve closure. The severity of the condition, symptoms, and underlying cause determine treatment strategies.Monitoring and Pharmacological TreatmentPatients with mild to moderate MR typically do not need immediate intervention but regular monitoring to assess progression and guide treatment. Patients with mild MR should have an echocardiogram every 3-5...
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease V: Surgical Management01:21

Inflammatory Bowel Disease V: Surgical Management

200
Surgical interventions for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, are essential in managing symptoms and addressing complications. The selection of surgical procedures is contingent upon the specific conditions and complications that stem from these illnesses.
Here are some common surgical interventions for IBD:
200

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 3, 2025

Upper-extremity Approach for Secondary Access in Transfemoral Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation
06:02

Upper-extremity Approach for Secondary Access in Transfemoral Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation

Published on: August 8, 2025

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TAVR for All? The Surgical Perspective.

Xiling Zhang1,2, Thomas Puehler1,2, Derk Frank3

  • 1Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany.

Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease
|July 25, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) shows noninferiority in high-risk patients, but long-term durability and specific conditions like bicuspid aortic valve remain challenges for wider clinical use.

Keywords:
aortic valve stenosishigh riskintermediate risklow risksurgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR)transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI)transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR)

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Interventional Cardiology

Background:

  • Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is a viable alternative to surgical aortic valve replacement for high- and intermediate-risk patients.
  • Despite proven noninferiority, TAVR faces challenges hindering its broader clinical integration and expansion.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current clinical trial data, trends, and obstacles associated with TAVR.
  • To provide insights into future indications for TAVR expansion.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature review of clinical trials and relevant data.
  • Analysis of current trends in TAVR procedures.
  • Discussion of remaining challenges and future perspectives.

Main Results:

  • TAVR demonstrates noninferior outcomes compared to surgery in specific patient groups.
  • Key concerns include the long-term durability of bioprosthetic valves used in TAVR.
  • Patient factors such as bicuspid aortic valve and concomitant pathologies may favor surgical intervention.

Conclusions:

  • Further evidence on long-term TAVR bioprosthesis durability is crucial.
  • Careful patient selection is necessary, considering factors beyond surgical risk scores.
  • Expansion of TAVR indications requires addressing current limitations and generating long-term data.