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Updated: Sep 3, 2025

Induction and Analysis of Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition
Published on: August 27, 2013
PI3Kδ activity controls plasticity and discriminates between EMT and stemness based on distinct TGFβ signaling
Jean Agnetti1,2, Vanessa Bou Malham1,2, Christophe Desterke3
1INSERM, Unité 1193, Villejuif, F-94800, France.
None:
The stem cells involved in formation of the complex human body are epithelial cells that undergo apicobasal polarization and form a hollow lumen. Epithelial plasticity manifests as epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), a process by which epithelial cells switch their polarity and epithelial features to adopt a mesenchymal phenotype. The connection between the EMT program and acquisition of stemness is now supported by a substantial number of reports, although what discriminates these two processes remains largely elusive. In this study, based on 3D organoid culture of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)-derived cell lines and AAV8-based protein overexpression in the mouse liver, we show that activity modulation of isoform δ of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3Kδ) controls differentiation and discriminates between stemness and EMT by regulating the transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) signaling. This study provides an important tool to control epithelial cell fate and represents a step forward in understanding the development of aggressive carcinoma.
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