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Updated: Sep 3, 2025

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Scoping review of managed alcohol programs.

Shannon M Smith-Bernardin1,2, Leslie W Suen3,4, Jill Barr-Walker5

  • 1School of Nursing, Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Shannon.smith-bernardin@ucsf.edu.

Harm Reduction Journal
|July 25, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Managed alcohol programs (MAPs) offer a promising harm reduction strategy for individuals with severe alcohol use disorder (AUD) and homelessness. This review synthesizes findings on client outcomes, experiences, and implementation factors for MAPs.

Keywords:
Alcohol use disorderHarm reductionHomelessnessManaged alcohol programScoping review

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Addiction Medicine
  • Social Work

Background:

  • Managed alcohol programs (MAPs) are an emerging harm reduction strategy for individuals with severe alcohol use disorder (AUD) experiencing homelessness.
  • MAPs provide structured alcohol consumption and social services, gaining acceptance when abstinence-based approaches fail.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct a scoping review of studies evaluating MAPs for individuals with AUD.
  • To identify factors associated with successful MAPs regarding client outcomes, client fit, and community integration.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature search across multiple databases (PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, etc.) and gray literature.
  • Inclusion of 32 studies, with data extraction and independent screening.
  • Contacting experts to ensure comprehensive study identification.

Main Results:

  • Findings categorized into client outcomes, client experience, feasibility/fit, and implementation recommendations.
  • 38 established MAPs identified, with 9 featured in the literature, primarily in Canada.
  • Research on MAP feasibility and fit also noted in Australia, Poland, the USA, and the UK.

Conclusions:

  • MAPs represent a promising, targeted intervention for severe AUD and homelessness, grounded in harm reduction principles.
  • Growing literature indicates a need for systematic measures to assess MAP effectiveness and risks.
  • Longitudinal research designs evaluating health and housing outcomes are recommended for future MAP evaluations.