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Related Concept Videos

Epigenetic Regulation01:37

Epigenetic Regulation

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Epigenetic changes alter the physical structure of the DNA without changing the genetic sequence and often regulate whether genes are turned on or off. This regulation ensures that each cell produces only proteins necessary for its function. For example, proteins that promote bone growth are not produced in muscle cells. Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
X-chromosome...
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The histone proteins in the nucleosomes are post-translationally modified (PTM) to increase or decrease access to DNA. The commonly observed PTMs are methylation, acetylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination of lysine amino acids in the histone H3 tail region. These histone modifications have specific meaning for the cell. Hence, they are called "histone code". The protein complex involved in histone modification is termed as "reader-writer" complex.
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Methods of Nuclear Reprogramming01:24

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Nuclear reprogramming is a process of transforming one cell type into an unrelated cell type by epigenetic changes that alter the cell’s original gene expression pattern. Such epigenetic changes force cells to express a different set of genes, which play a significant role in inducing transformation into other cell types. Nuclear reprogramming offers applications in reproductive cloning for livestock propagation and regenerative medicine — developing patient-specific cells for...
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Chromatin Modification in iPS Cells01:32

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Chromatin modification alters gene expression; therefore, scientists can add histone-modifying enzymes, histone variants, and chromatin remodeling complexes to somatic cells to aid reprogramming into pluripotent stem (iPS) cells.
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Updated: Sep 3, 2025

Repressing Gene Transcription by Redirecting Cellular Machinery with Chemical Epigenetic Modifiers
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Current progress in bionanomaterials to modulate the epigenome.

Anna D Y Rhodes1, Jose Antonio Duran-Mota1,2, Nuria Oliva1

  • 1Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London W12 0BZ, UK. n.oliva-jorge@imperial.ac.uk.

Biomaterials Science
|July 26, 2022
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Bio- and nanomaterials can alter gene expression through epigenetic mechanisms, offering new therapeutic strategies. Understanding these interactions can lead to advanced regenerative technologies without additional biomolecule delivery.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Genomics
  • Epigenetics
  • Regenerative Medicine

Background:

  • Genomic advances enable study of cellular responses to drugs and environmental factors.
  • Bio- and nanomaterials can influence gene expression via epigenetic mechanisms.
  • Cellular response to biomaterials is akin to environmental factor interaction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current state of bio- and nanomaterials for epigenome modulation.
  • To explore the potential of these materials in therapeutic and regenerative applications.
  • To highlight the significance of understanding cell-material epigenetic interactions.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on biomaterials and epigenetics.
  • Analysis of epigenetic mechanisms influenced by bio- and nanomaterials.
  • Synthesis of findings on therapeutic potential and regenerative applications.

Main Results:

  • Bio- and nanomaterials can epigenetically modulate gene expression.
  • These materials may elicit therapeutic responses without biomolecule delivery.
  • Understanding these interactions opens new technological avenues.

Conclusions:

  • Bio- and nanomaterials offer novel strategies for epigenome modulation.
  • Further research into cell-material epigenetic interactions is crucial for developing advanced therapies.
  • This field holds promise for regenerative medicine and targeted disease treatment.