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Related Concept Videos

CRISPR/Cas9 Genome Editing01:28

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The CRISPR-Cas system serves as a bacterial defense mechanism against invading genetic elements such as viruses and plasmids, forming the foundation for its adaptation as a powerful genome-editing tool. Originally discovered in prokaryotes, this system has been repurposed to revolutionize genetic engineering across a wide range of organisms, including plants, animals, and humans. The core component, Cas9, is an endonuclease derived from Streptococcus pyogenes, capable of introducing...
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Bacteria and archaea are susceptible to viral infections just like eukaryotes; therefore, they have developed a unique adaptive immune system to protect themselves. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and CRISPR-associated proteins (CRISPR-Cas) are present in more than 45% of known bacteria and 90% of known archaea.
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Genome editing technologies allow scientists to modify an organism’s DNA via the addition, removal, or rearrangement of genetic material at specific genomic locations. These types of techniques could potentially be used to cure genetic disorders such as hemophilia and sickle cell anemia. One popular and widely used DNA-editing research tool that could lead to safe and effective cures for genetic disorders is the CRISPR-Cas9 system. CRISPR-Cas9 stands for Clustered Regularly Interspaced...
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Bacteriophages, or phages, are viruses that specifically infect bacteria, utilizing their genetic material to hijack host cellular machinery for replication. DNA bacteriophages employ single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) or double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) genomes. These phages exhibit diverse replication strategies and host interactions, influencing their ecological roles and applications in biotechnology and medicine.ssDNA BacteriophagesssDNA phages, with their small genomes, utilize unique strategies to...
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CRISPR stands for Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats is a adaptive immune system found in bacteria and archaea that protects against viral infections. This system enables prokaryotic cells to identify, remember, and neutralize foreign genetic elements, primarily bacteriophages, by storing fragments of the invader’s DNA as a genetic memory.The CRISPR immune response begins during an initial infection. Cas (CRISPR-associated) proteins play a central role in this...
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Selection-dependent and Independent Generation of CRISPR/Cas9-mediated Gene Knockouts in Mammalian Cells
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CRISPR-Cas9 Based Bacteriophage Genome Editing.

Xueli Zhang1, Chaohui Zhang1, Caijiao Liang1

  • 1State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzho, People's Republic of China.

Microbiology Spectrum
|July 26, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a novel phage genome editing platform using the CRISPR-Cas9 system. This tool enables gene deletion and replacement in Vibrio natriegens phage TT4P2, advancing phage functional genomics.

Keywords:
CRISPR-Cas9bacteriophagesgenome editinggenome engineering

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Bacteriophages are abundant but understudied due to limited research methods.
  • CRISPR-Cas systems offer new tools for bacteriophage functional genomics.
  • Bacteriophages influence prokaryotic CRISPR evolution and are targeted by CRISPR-Cas.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design a phage genome editing platform based on the CRISPR-Cas9 system.
  • To enable gene deletion and replacement in bacteriophage genomes.
  • To advance the study of phage gene diversity and synthetic biology.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical design of a heterologous CRISPR-Cas9 system for phage genome editing.
  • In vivo experimental validation in the host bacterium Vibrio natriegens TT4.
  • Phage gene deletion and replacement experiments using the designed platform.

Main Results:

  • Successful theoretical design of a phage genome editing platform.
  • Demonstrated in vivo gene editing (deletion and replacement) in Vibrio natriegens phage TT4P2.
  • Improved efficiency and accuracy of phage gene editing.

Conclusions:

  • The developed CRISPR-Cas9 based platform facilitates bacteriophage genome editing.
  • This platform is crucial for studying phage gene diversity and advancing phage synthetic biology.
  • It accelerates the discovery of new molecular biology tools and understanding of phage-host interactions.