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Syphilis-related Ocular Inflammation in HIV-positive and HIV-negative Patients

Victoria Ly^1,2, Abdelrahman M Elhusseiny¹, Ahmed B Sallam¹

¹Department of Ophthalmology, Harvey and Bernice Jones Eye Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA.

Ocular Immunology and Inflammation

|July 26, 2022

Abstract

Purpose:

To evaluate the clinical characteristics and visual outcomes of ocular syphilis in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive and negative patients.

Methods:

We performed a retrospective chart review of all patients with newly diagnosed ocular syphilis between January 2015 and August 2021.

Results:

68 eyes of 41 patients (22 eyes in 12 HIV-positive patients, 46 eyes in 29 HIV-negative patients) were included. The most common ophthalmic feature was posterior uveitis in HIV-positive and anterior uveitis in HIV-negative patients; 58.3% (7 out of 12 patients) of HIV-positive and 48.2% (14 out of 29 patients) of HIV-negative patients were diagnosed with neurosyphilis. There were no significant differences in laterality, presence of concurrent rash, rapid plasma reagin (RPR) titers, presenting, and final corrected visual acuity between both groups.

Conclusion:

Nearly one-fifth of eyes may suffer from severe visual loss of ≤ 20/200. HIV co-infection may not result in visual outcomes in syphilis.

Keywords:

HIV ocular inflammation ocular syphilis scleritis uveitis

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Keywords:

HIV ocular inflammation ocular syphilis scleritis uveitis

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