Related Experiment Video
Updated: Sep 3, 2025
08:07
A Morphometric and Cellular Analysis Method for the Murine Mandibular Condyle
Published on: January 11, 2018
8.4K
Multiheaded mandibular condyles
Merve Yelken Kendirci1, Sevde Göksel2, İlknur Özcan3
1Faculty of Dentistry, Departments of Oral and Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Istanbul University, 34116, Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey. yelkenmerve@gmail.com.
Summary
The prevalence of multiheaded condyles (MHC) in Turkish subjects was 5.84%, a higher rate than previously reported. This study found no significant gender-based difference in MHC occurrence.
Area of Science:
- Dentomaxillofacial Radiology
- Anatomy
- Medical Imaging
Background:
- Multiheaded condyles (MHC) are anatomical variations of the mandibular condyle.
- Understanding the prevalence of MHC is important for dental and orthodontic assessments.
- Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) is a key imaging modality for evaluating craniofacial structures.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence of multiheaded condyles (MHC) in a Turkish population.
- To analyze MHC variations, including bifid and trifid mandibular condyles.
- To investigate the association of MHC with patient age, gender, and laterality.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of 975 CBCT scans from patients aged 15-89 years.
- Evaluation of bifid and trifid mandibular condyle cases.
- Statistical determination of MHC frequencies based on demographic factors.
Main Results:
- Multiheaded condyles (MHC) were detected in 5.84% (57 out of 975) of the subjects.
- Bifid mandibular condyles (BMC) were observed in 54 patients.
- Trifid and tetrafid condyles were rare, found in only 3 female patients.
Conclusions:
- The prevalence of MHC in this Turkish cohort (5.84%) is higher than reported in prior studies.
- No statistically significant difference in MHC prevalence was found between males and females.
- CBCT imaging is effective for identifying mandibular condyle variations.
Keywords:
Bifid mandibular condyleCone-beam computed tomographyMultiheaded condylePrevalenceTrifid mandibular condyleMore Related Videos
10:23Author Spotlight: Three-Dimensional Cephalometric Landmark Annotation Demonstration on Human Cone Beam Computed Tomography Scans
Published on: September 8, 2023
3.0K
07:26Systematic Assessment of Mammalian Skull Specimens for Dental and Temporomandibular Joint Pathology
Published on: August 22, 2022
1.5K
Related Concept Videos
01:27Cranial Bones: Lateral View
2.5K
The lateral view of the cranium is dominated by temporal, sphenoid, and ethmoid bones.
The temporal bone forms the lower lateral side of the skull. The temporal bone is subdivided into several regions. The flattened upper portion is the squamous portion of the temporal bone. Below this area and projecting anteriorly is the zygomatic process of the temporal bone, which forms the posterior portion of the zygomatic arch. Posteriorly is the mastoid portion of the temporal bone. Projecting...
The temporal bone forms the lower lateral side of the skull. The temporal bone is subdivided into several regions. The flattened upper portion is the squamous portion of the temporal bone. Below this area and projecting anteriorly is the zygomatic process of the temporal bone, which forms the posterior portion of the zygomatic arch. Posteriorly is the mastoid portion of the temporal bone. Projecting...
2.5K
01:19Muscles that Move the Head
2.7K
The muscles that move the head are a dynamic and complex group of structures that work together to facilitate a wide range of head movements, including rotation, flexion, extension, and lateral bending.
The bilateral sternocleidomastoid, or SCM, and the suprahyoid and infrahyoid muscles are significant head flexors. The SCM muscles originate at the sternum and clavicle and attach to the mastoid process of the temporal bone. The SCM contracts bilaterally to bend the head forward, whereas...
The bilateral sternocleidomastoid, or SCM, and the suprahyoid and infrahyoid muscles are significant head flexors. The SCM muscles originate at the sternum and clavicle and attach to the mastoid process of the temporal bone. The SCM contracts bilaterally to bend the head forward, whereas...
2.7K
01:08Overview of the Skull
5.1K
The cranium (skull) is the skeletal structure of the head that supports the face and protects the brain. It is subdivided into the facial bones and the brain case, or cranial vault. The facial bones underlie the facial structures, form the nasal cavity, enclose the eyeballs, and support the teeth of the upper and lower jaws.
The cranial vault surrounds and protects the brain and houses the middle and inner ear structures. This cavity is bounded superiorly by the rounded top of the skull, which...
The cranial vault surrounds and protects the brain and houses the middle and inner ear structures. This cavity is bounded superiorly by the rounded top of the skull, which...
5.1K
01:12The Hyoid Bone
2.8K
The hyoid bone is a small U-shaped bone located in the upper neck at the level of the inferior mandible, with its tips pointing posteriorly. It does not directly articulate with any other bone in the body. The hyoid acts as the attachment site for the tongue, the larynx, and the pharynx. It is held in position by a series of small muscles attached from above or below. These muscles help to move the hyoid up/down or forward/back in coordination with movements of the tongue, larynx, and pharynx...
2.8K
01:28Articulations of the Vertebral Column
2.1K
In addition to being held together by the intervertebral discs, adjacent vertebrae also articulate with each other at synovial joints formed between the superior and inferior articular processes called zygapophysial joints (facet joints). These are plane joints that provide for only limited motions between the vertebrae. The orientation of the articular processes at these joints varies in different regions of the vertebral column and serves to determine the types of motions available in each...
2.1K
01:14Cranial Bones: Superior and Posterior View
2.7K
The superior view of the cranium shows the frontal and paired parietal bones.
The frontal bone is the single bone that forms the forehead. At its anterior midline, between the eyebrows, there is a slight depression called the glabella. The frontal bone also forms the supraorbital margin of the orbit. Near the middle of this margin is the supraorbital foramen, the opening that provides passage for a sensory nerve to the forehead. The frontal bone is thickened just above each supraorbital margin,...
The frontal bone is the single bone that forms the forehead. At its anterior midline, between the eyebrows, there is a slight depression called the glabella. The frontal bone also forms the supraorbital margin of the orbit. Near the middle of this margin is the supraorbital foramen, the opening that provides passage for a sensory nerve to the forehead. The frontal bone is thickened just above each supraorbital margin,...
2.7K