Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 3, 2025

Assessment of Intestinal Transcytosis of Neonatal Escherichia coli Bacteremia Isolates
08:32

Assessment of Intestinal Transcytosis of Neonatal Escherichia coli Bacteremia Isolates

Published on: February 17, 2023

1.4K

A Case-Control Study Evaluating Risk Factors and Outcomes of Hospitalized Children With ESBL-UTI

Sophia Hassor1, Veronica Etinger1, Diana Sofia Villacis1

  • 1Nicklaus Children's Hospital, Miami, FL, USA.

Clinical Pediatrics
|July 27, 2022
PubMed

Insights

This study identified risk factors for extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing (ESBL) urinary tract infections (UTIs) in children. Many children with ESBL-UTI responded to antibiotics, but longer hospital stays and IV antibiotic use were noted.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric infectious diseases
  • Microbiology
  • Clinical epidemiology

Background:

  • Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a common cause of pediatric hospitalization.
  • There is a growing concern regarding the prevalence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing (ESBL) organisms in pediatric UTIs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify risk factors associated with ESBL-UTI in hospitalized children.
  • To evaluate treatment outcomes for children diagnosed with ESBL-UTI.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective case-control study was conducted between July 2014 and December 2017.
  • Medical records of hospitalized children with positive urine cultures were reviewed.
  • Cases were defined as ESBL-UTI, and controls as non-ESBL-UTI.

Main Results:

  • Identified risk factors for ESBL-UTI include previous UTI, recent antibiotic use, urinary tract abnormalities, recent hospitalization, and nonrenal comorbidities.
  • The majority of children with ESBL-UTI showed positive responses to discordant antibiotics.
  • Patients with ESBL-UTI experienced longer hospital stays and required more prolonged intravenous antibiotic therapy.

Conclusions:

  • Specific risk factors predispose children to ESBL-UTI.
  • While treatment with discordant antibiotics can be effective, ESBL-UTI is associated with increased healthcare resource utilization.

Keywords:
extended-spectrum beta-lactamase organismshospital medicineinfectious diseasesrisk factorsurinary tract infection

More Related Videos

Establishment and Characterization of UTI and CAUTI in a Mouse Model08:40

Establishment and Characterization of UTI and CAUTI in a Mouse Model

Published on: June 23, 2015

20.3K
An In Vitro Bladder Model of Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection07:57

An In Vitro Bladder Model of Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection

Published on: June 24, 2025

296

Related Concept Videos

Acute Pyelonephritis II: Diagnostic Studies and Management01:28

Acute Pyelonephritis II: Diagnostic Studies and Management

Introduction:For diagnosing acute pyelonephritis, a comprehensive patient history is collected to identify symptoms such as dysuria, frequent or urgent urination, flank pain, or costovertebral angle (CVA) tenderness that may suggest a kidney infection.Physical ExaminationDuring the physical examination, CVA tenderness is assessed. This involves gentle percussion over the costovertebral angle, where tenderness often indicates a kidney infection.Diagnostic TestsUrinalysis: Used to identify white...
34
Urine Studies II: Urine Culture and Sensitivity Test01:26

Urine Studies II: Urine Culture and Sensitivity Test

A urine culture and sensitivity test is a diagnostic procedure used to identify urinary tract bacterial infections and determine the most effective antibiotics for treatment. This test is generally preferred when a patient shows manifestations of a urinary tract infection, such as frequent or painful urination, cloudy or foul-smelling urine, or lower abdominal pain.Purpose of the TestThe primary goals of a urine culture and sensitivity test are to:Determine the specific bacteria causing the...
108
Urinary Tract Infection III: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care01:30

Urinary Tract Infection III: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care

A healthcare provider can diagnose a urinary tract infection (UTI) through several methods:Medical History and Symptoms: The provider will take a detailed medical history and ask about symptoms such as frequent urination, burning sensation during urination, and lower abdominal pain.Urinalysis: A clean-catch urine sample is collected in a sterile container and tested for the presence of bacteria, white blood cells (leukocytes), nitrites, blood, and protein. The presence of leukocytes and...
31
Urinary Tract Infection II: Pathophysiology01:25

Urinary Tract Infection II: Pathophysiology

The pathophysiology of urinary tract infections (UTIs) encompasses several progressive stages, beginning with bacterial colonization and culminating in potential systemic complications if untreated. UTIs are primarily initiated by bacteria, such as Escherichia coli, which often originate from the gastrointestinal tract and migrate to the urinary system through the periurethral area. This migration can occur via several routes, including improper hygiene practices, sexual activity, or...
37
Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention01:30

Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention

Accurate diagnosis and effective prevention are critical in managing Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), which is linked to high mortality rates ranging from 10% to 80%. Timely recognition of at-risk patients and careful monitoring can significantly reduce the likelihood of kidney damage.Diagnostic Assessments:The diagnostic process starts with a comprehensive medical history to identify prerenal, intrarenal, and postrenal causes.Prerenal causes, such as dehydration, hypotension, or blood loss, should...
56
Urinary Tract Infection I: Introduction01:26

Urinary Tract Infection I: Introduction

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) impact various parts of the urinary system, including the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra. These infections are generally bacterial, with Escherichia coli being the most common causative agent, often originating from the gastrointestinal tract. However, other bacteria, such as Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Proteus mirabilis, are also known to cause UTIs. The type, location, and underlying complexity of the UTI guide both...
41