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Improving Attention through Individualized fNIRS Neurofeedback Training: A Pilot Study.

Yue Gu1,2, Liu Yang1, He Chen3

  • 1Key Laboratory of Computer Vision and System (Ministry of Education), School of Computer Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China.

Brain Sciences
|July 27, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Individualized neurofeedback training (INT) using fNIRS shows superior attention improvement compared to non-individualized methods. INT enhances attention adjustment abilities by tailoring neurofeedback to individual brain activity patterns.

Keywords:
attentionfunctional near-infrared spectroscopyindividualized neurofeedbacknon-individualized neurofeedback

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Science
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Attention is crucial for daily functioning, with inattention leading to adverse outcomes.
  • Neurofeedback training offers a non-invasive method to enhance attention.
  • Existing neurofeedback studies often overlook individual differences.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and evaluate an individualized neurofeedback training (INT) method using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) for attention improvement.
  • To compare the efficacy of INT against non-individualized neurofeedback training (NINT).

Main Methods:

  • Developed an INT method where neurofeedback channels and thresholds were personalized for each participant.
  • Participants underwent four runs of neurofeedback training.
  • Assessed training performance using the AX version of the continuous performance task (AX-CPT) and the attention network test (ANT).

Main Results:

  • Both groups showed increased time with oxygenated hemoglobin above threshold, with INT demonstrating a higher improvement rate.
  • Reaction times decreased in both groups, but significantly more in the INT group.
  • fNIRS data revealed greater activation in the middle and dorsolateral prefrontal areas for the INT group compared to the NINT group.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed INT method effectively improves attention levels.
  • INT demonstrates superior overall performance in attention enhancement compared to NINT.
  • Personalized neurofeedback training holds significant potential for cognitive enhancement.