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Dyslipidemia in Transplant Patients: Which Therapy?

Gabriella Iannuzzo1, Gianluigi Cuomo2, Anna Di Lorenzo2

  • 1Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy.

Journal of Clinical Medicine
|July 27, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Cardiovascular disease is a major cause of death, especially in organ transplant patients on immunosuppressants. This review explores immunosuppressant-induced dyslipidemia and strategies to manage it.

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Cardiology
  • Transplant Medicine

Background:

  • Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of mortality globally.
  • CVD is increasingly prevalent in organ transplant recipients, often linked to immunosuppressive therapies.
  • Immunosuppressant-induced dyslipidemia affects a significant portion (27-71%) of transplant recipients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the mechanisms of dyslipidemia caused by immunosuppressants.
  • To identify immunosuppressive drugs that do not induce dyslipidemia.
  • To explore therapeutic strategies for managing hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia without adverse effects.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature review.
  • Analysis of pathophysiological pathways.
  • Evaluation of clinical data on immunosuppressive agents and lipid profiles.

Main Results:

  • Immunosuppressants contribute to dyslipidemia through various mechanisms.
  • Certain immunosuppressive regimens are associated with higher risks of lipid abnormalities.
  • Effective management strategies for dyslipidemia in transplant patients are being developed.

Conclusions:

  • Dyslipidemia is a critical complication of immunosuppressive therapy in organ transplant recipients.
  • Understanding the mechanisms is key to developing safer treatment protocols.
  • Further research is needed to optimize lipid management and reduce cardiovascular risk.

Keywords:
cardiovascular diseasedyslipidemiaimmunosuppressive therapyorgan transplant

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