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Incremental Encoder Speed Acquisition Using an STM32 Microcontroller and NI ELVIS.

Adrian Augustin Pop1

  • 1Department of Electrical Machines and Drives, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Technical University of Cluj Napoca, 400114 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|July 27, 2022
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Summary

This study explores alternative methods for acquiring speed data from incremental encoders using microcontrollers. The STM32 microcontroller offers a cost-effective, high-accuracy solution for motor control prototyping.

Keywords:
data acquisitionmicrocontrollersoptical sensorssignal processing algorithmsvariable speed drives

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Area of Science:

  • Electrical Engineering
  • Control Systems
  • Embedded Systems

Background:

  • Precise motor control relies on accurate rotor position data from incremental encoders.
  • Microcontroller speed and accuracy are critical for cost-effective and efficient acquisition systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze and compare the performance of the STM32 microcontroller for speed acquisition from an incremental encoder.
  • To present alternative speed acquisition methods for low-cost, high-accuracy prototyping.

Main Methods:

  • Performance analysis of an STM32 microcontroller connected to an incremental encoder.
  • Comparison with ELVIS II and Unidrive M701 power inverter acquisition systems.
  • Development of a human-machine interface using LabVIEW graphical programming.

Main Results:

  • The STM32 microcontroller demonstrates accurate and consistent results due to its processing power, cost, and programming interface.
  • Speed acquisition proved stable on both ELVIS II and STM32 platforms using developed software algorithms.
  • The designed human-machine interface is user-friendly, convenient, and flexible.

Conclusions:

  • The STM32 microcontroller presents a viable, low-cost, high-accuracy solution for speed acquisition in motor control prototyping.
  • The developed methods and tools are suitable for applications requiring precise motor control.
  • The study validates the stability and accuracy of the proposed speed acquisition techniques.