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Soft CNT-Polymer Composites for High Pressure Sensors.

Adebayo Eisape1, Valerie Rennoll1, Tessa Van Volkenburg2

  • 1Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|July 27, 2022
PubMed
Summary

New carbon−polymer composite sensors offer high-pressure detection from 0.5 MPa to over 10 MPa. Decreasing multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) content enhances performance for industrial and underwater applications.

Keywords:
compositehigh pressure sensormultiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT)piezoresistivethermoplastic polyurethane (TPU)

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Sensor Technology
  • Polymer Composites

Background:

  • Carbon−polymer composites offer low-cost, easily integrated pressure sensors.
  • Existing sensors struggle with high-pressure ranges (>1 atm) due to saturation or narrow sensing limits.
  • High-pressure sensors are often costly and difficult to fabricate.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design, synthesize, and characterize novel high-pressure sensors using thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs).
  • To investigate sensor performance across a wide pressure range (0.5 MPa to >10 MPa).
  • To identify optimal material compositions for enhanced high-pressure sensing capabilities.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of TPU-MWCNT composite sensors with varying MWCNT concentrations.
  • Comprehensive characterization of sensor response to applied pressure.
  • Analysis of the relationship between MWCNT content and sensor sensitivity/range.

Main Results:

  • Developed sensors capable of detecting pressures from 0.5 MPa (4.9 atm) to over 10 MPa (98.7 atm).
  • Increasing MWCNT concentration negatively impacted performance at elevated pressures.
  • Decreasing MWCNT weight percentage improved sensor response range and resolution for high-pressure applications.

Conclusions:

  • Optimized TPU-MWCNT composites provide a viable solution for high-pressure sensing.
  • Sensor design strategies should focus on maximizing response range rather than solely sensitivity for high-pressure applications.
  • These sensors are suitable for demanding industrial, automotive, and underwater environments.