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Molecular Biomarkers in Cancer
Virinder Kaur Sarhadi1, Gemma Armengol2
1Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland.
Biomolecules
|July 27, 2022
Summary
Molecular cancer biomarkers are measurable indicators of cancer risk, occurrence, and outcomes. Advances in detection technologies enhance their use in precision oncology and clinical decision-making.
Area of Science:
- Biomolecular Sciences
- Oncology
- Translational Medicine
Background:
- Molecular cancer biomarkers are crucial indicators of cancer risk, progression, and patient outcomes.
- They encompass genetic variants, epigenetic changes, and protein signatures.
- Biomarkers can be detected in various biological samples, including blood, saliva, and tissue.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the diverse applications of molecular cancer biomarkers in clinical practice.
- To highlight the role of biomarkers in enabling precision oncology and targeted therapies.
- To identify areas for improvement in biomarker development for enhanced sensitivity and specificity.
Main Methods:
- Review of current literature on molecular cancer biomarkers.
- Discussion of advanced detection technologies like next-generation sequencing and nanotechnology.
- Analysis of clinical applications across cancer risk assessment, diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment monitoring.
Main Results:
- Biomarkers facilitate early detection, accurate diagnosis, and personalized treatment selection.
- Technological advancements have expanded the utility of biomarkers in precision oncology.
- Significant progress has been made in detecting biomarkers non-invasively from accessible samples.
Conclusions:
- Molecular cancer biomarkers are indispensable tools for optimizing cancer care and decision-making.
- Further research is essential to develop biomarkers with improved sensitivity, specificity, and predictive value.
- Biomarkers are key to the advancement of precision oncology and effective targeted therapies.
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