Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Vesicular Tubular Clusters01:45

Vesicular Tubular Clusters

2.6K
After budding out from the ER membrane, some COPII vesicles lose their coat and fuse with one another to form larger vesicles and interconnected tubules called vesicular tubular clusters or VTCs. These clusters constitute a compartment at the ER-Golgi interface known as ERGIC (Endoplasmic Reticulum Golgi Intermediate Compartment). The ERGIC is a mobile membrane-bound cargo transport system that sorts proteins secreted from ER and delivers them to the Golgi.
With the help of motor proteins such...
2.6K
Overview of Exosomes01:36

Overview of Exosomes

2.8K
Exosomes are stable, lipid bilayer-enclosed vesicles capable of crossing biological barriers. They can carry a wide range of molecules required for intercellular communication. Once exosomes are released from the cell where they originated, they enter a recipient cell through various pathways such as fusion, receptor-mediated endocytosis, macropinocytosis, and phagocytosis.
Stahl et al. discovered exosomes in 1983, but the exosomes were initially considered waste products released from the...
2.8K
Intralumenal Vesicles and Multivesicular Bodies01:38

Intralumenal Vesicles and Multivesicular Bodies

3.7K
Intraluminal vesicles (ILVs) are small vesicles 50-80 nm in diameter formed during the maturation of early endosomes. A specialized endosome containing numerous ILVs is called a multivesicular body (MVB). ILVs contain internalized molecules such as antigens, nucleic acids, proteins, and metabolites. Some of these molecules are released from the MVBs inside exosomes and are transported to other cells. Other MVBs contain molecules that are retained in the ILVs and are later degraded within the...
3.7K
ER Retrieval Pathway01:45

ER Retrieval Pathway

3.9K
In the secretory pathway, vesicles transport proteins from one cellular compartment to another in forward transport to deliver the protein to its correct location. Occasionally, misfolded proteins and incorrect proteins escape their original compartments, and a retrieval pathway is used to return the escaped proteins to their original compartment.
The ER uses many checkpoints to prevent the entry of incorrectly folded or a resident protein as cargo onto a transport vesicle. These mechanisms...
3.9K
Recycling Endosomes and Transcytosis00:58

Recycling Endosomes and Transcytosis

2.8K
The recycling endosome, also known as the endosomal recycling compartment (ERC), is a part of the slow-recycling process of the endocytic pathway. Molecules internalized through receptor-mediated endocytosis are either degraded in the lysosomes or are recycled to the plasma membrane through the fast- or slow-recycling route.
The recycling endosome is not a single organelle but an extensively tubulated network of recycling pathways. It functions in storing molecules or transporting them across...
2.8K
Introduction to Membrane Traffic01:44

Introduction to Membrane Traffic

7.3K
The ER, Golgi apparatus, endosomes, and lysosomes work in tandem to modify, sort, and package proteins and lipids. An integrated membrane trafficking network facilitates the back and forth shuttling of molecules within different organelles in the same cell or across the cell membrane.
The transport of soluble and membrane proteins is mediated by transport vesicles that collect cargo from one cellular compartment and deliver it to another by fusing with the target organelle membrane. The Rab...
7.3K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Primary hyperoxaluria type 1-current practice in the siRNA era: an ERA Genes & Kidney Working Group survey.

Clinical kidney journal·2026
Same author

Randomized Cross-Over Trial of Electrolyte, Acid-Base and Blood Pressure Effects of Salt Supplements in CKD.

Kidney international reports·2026
Same author

Metabolic Acidosis and Progression of CKD: Current Guidelines and Considerations.

American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation·2026
Same author

Distinct proteomic signatures of urinary extracellular vesicles link to albuminuria and treatment responses in diabetic kidney disease.

Kidney international·2026
Same author

The urine metabolomic signature of distal diuretics and diuretic-induced hyponatremia in patients with chronic kidney disease.

American journal of physiology. Renal physiology·2026
Same author

A Randomized Trial of Targeted Hyponatremia Correction in Hospitalized Patients.

NEJM evidence·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 3, 2025

Extraction of Extracellular Vesicles from Whole Tissue
09:03

Extraction of Extracellular Vesicles from Whole Tissue

Published on: February 7, 2019

15.2K

Urinary extracellular vesicles: does cargo reflect tissue?

Martijn H van Heugten1, Ewout J Hoorn1, Robert A Fenton2

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Transplantation, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.

Current Opinion in Nephrology and Hypertension
|July 27, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Urinary extracellular vesicles (uEVs) show strong protein correlations with kidney tissue, making them promising noninvasive biomarkers for kidney physiology and disease research. Nephron mass is a key factor influencing uEV excretion rates.

More Related Videos

Extracellular Vesicle Uptake Assay via Confocal Microscope Imaging Analysis
08:32

Extracellular Vesicle Uptake Assay via Confocal Microscope Imaging Analysis

Published on: February 14, 2022

8.1K
Isolation and Analysis of Traceable and Functionalized Extracellular Vesicles from the Plasma and Solid Tissues
09:57

Isolation and Analysis of Traceable and Functionalized Extracellular Vesicles from the Plasma and Solid Tissues

Published on: October 17, 2022

2.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 3, 2025

Extraction of Extracellular Vesicles from Whole Tissue
09:03

Extraction of Extracellular Vesicles from Whole Tissue

Published on: February 7, 2019

15.2K
Extracellular Vesicle Uptake Assay via Confocal Microscope Imaging Analysis
08:32

Extracellular Vesicle Uptake Assay via Confocal Microscope Imaging Analysis

Published on: February 14, 2022

8.1K
Isolation and Analysis of Traceable and Functionalized Extracellular Vesicles from the Plasma and Solid Tissues
09:57

Isolation and Analysis of Traceable and Functionalized Extracellular Vesicles from the Plasma and Solid Tissues

Published on: October 17, 2022

2.2K

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Biomarker Discovery
  • Extracellular Vesicle Research

Background:

  • Urinary extracellular vesicles (uEVs) are increasingly recognized for their potential in noninvasive diagnostics.
  • Understanding the relationship between kidney tissue and uEV cargo is crucial for biomarker development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in utilizing urinary extracellular vesicles (uEVs) for studying kidney physiology and disease.
  • To assess the potential of uEVs as noninvasive biomarkers reflecting kidney tissue composition and function.

Main Methods:

  • Proteomic analysis of kidney tissue and uEVs in rat models.
  • Comparison of protein abundance correlations between kidney and uEVs under physiological and dietary challenges.
  • Analysis of uEV cargo in human patients with inherited tubulopathies and primary aldosteronism.

Main Results:

  • Significant correlations observed between kidney and uEV protein abundances in rats, particularly for membrane-associated proteins.
  • Physiologically relevant protein changes in the kidney were mirrored in uEVs following a high-potassium diet.
  • Human uEV cargo analysis showed consistency with tissue-level changes in patients with kidney disorders.
  • Nephron mass was identified as a determinant of uEV excretion rate.

Conclusions:

  • Urinary extracellular vesicles (uEVs) represent an attractive, noninvasive source of biomarkers for kidney research due to strong correlations with kidney protein abundance.
  • Consideration of differences in protein correlations and uEV excretion rates is necessary for robust biomarker studies.
  • uEV analysis may serve as a valuable proxy or alternative to invasive kidney tissue analysis.