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Updates on Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Children in Japan
Yuta Aizawa1, Sayaka Takanashi2, Chikara Ogimi3
1From the Department of Pediatrics, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan.
Insights
This review summarizes COVID-19 in Japanese children, noting favorable outcomes despite variant changes. Improving vaccination rates, especially for younger children, requires further action.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Infectious Diseases
- Public Health
Background:
- The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted children globally, with varying clinical outcomes.
- Japan experienced six waves of COVID-19 by March 2022, with evolving clinical features in pediatric cases.
- Understanding pediatric COVID-19 trends in Japan is crucial for public health strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review and summarize published data on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in children in Japan.
- To analyze the changes in clinical features of pediatric COVID-19 based on predominant variants.
- To assess the clinical outcomes and vaccination status of children in Japan during the pandemic.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review of published data on pediatric COVID-19 in Japan.
- Analysis of clinical features in relation to COVID-19 variants.
- Comparison of outcomes with European countries and the United States.
- Evaluation of COVID-19 vaccine uptake in different pediatric age groups.
Main Results:
- Clinical features of pediatric COVID-19 in Japan have evolved with different variants.
- Favorable clinical outcomes in Japanese children compared to some Western countries, potentially due to lower rates of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children and obesity.
- COVID-19 vaccination is available for children, but uptake in the 5-11 age group is low.
- The government's passive approach has contributed to lower vaccination rates in younger children.
Conclusions:
- Pediatric COVID-19 outcomes in Japan have been relatively favorable.
- Targeted strategies are needed to increase COVID-19 vaccination rates in children, particularly those aged 5-11.
- Continued monitoring and research are essential for managing pediatric COVID-19.
Abstract:
This review provides updates on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in children in Japan by summarizing published data. By the end of March 2022, Japan had experienced 6 waves of COVID-19 outbreaks. Over this time, the clinical features presented among children have changed in the context of the predominant variants. Although the COVID-19 pandemic affected children in terms of medical, physical and psychosocial aspects, the clinical outcomes have been favorable in Japan compared with those in some European countries and the United States, which may be partly due to a lower incidence of multisystem inflammatory syndromes in children and obesity. The COVID-19 vaccine has been available for children; however, the vaccination rate in children 5-11 years of age is lower than that in older children due to the government's lack of an active approach in this specific population. Further action is needed to improve the overall vaccination rates in children.
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