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Practical quantum advantage in quantum simulation.

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Quantum computing has achieved

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum Computing
  • Quantum Simulation
  • Materials Science
  • Quantum Chemistry
  • High-Energy Physics

Background:

  • Quantum computing has reached 'quantum advantage' for artificial problems.
  • The next frontier is 'practical quantum advantage' for real-world challenges.
  • Quantum simulation is a key near-term application.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To overview the state of the art in quantum simulation.
  • To discuss future perspectives for quantum simulation.
  • To identify where practical quantum advantage currently exists.

Main Methods:

  • Overview of current quantum computing technologies and platforms.
  • Analysis of analogue quantum simulators for specialized applications.
  • Discussion of digital quantum computers and hybrid approaches.

Main Results:

  • Practical quantum advantage is already achievable with specialized analogue quantum simulators.
  • Digital quantum computers offer broader applications but require fault-tolerant hardware.
  • Hybrid quantum devices provide near-term flexibility.

Conclusions:

  • Specialized analogue quantum simulators offer a current path to practical quantum advantage.
  • Further development of fault-tolerant hardware is crucial for digital quantum computers.
  • Hybrid approaches are vital for near-term quantum applications.