[The Hospital Wastewater Antibiotic Residues In Bamako (Mali)]

The aim of this study was to determine the wastewaters antibiotic residues concentration in two hospitals (CHU Point G and CHU Luxembourg) in Bamako.

The samples of wastewater were collected three times consecutively on three days every week at 9 a.m., 3 p.m. and 9 p.m. in 2016. The samples were stored at 4°C and transferred to the veterinary central laboratory (LCV). The antibiotic residues were detected by High Performance Liquid Chromatography and the antibiotic concentrations were determined by a spectrophotometer UV-Visible Hewlett Packard.

The detected and measured antibiotic residues were amoxicillin ((0.066 ± 0.08 µg/l), erythromycin (0.04 ± 0.0 µg/l), co-trimoxazole (sulfamethoxazole 0.06 ± 0.21 µg/l + trimethoprime 0.08 ± 0.006 µg/l) and metronidazole (0.02 ± 0.0 µg/l in the hospital wastewater and in the sewer systems. Amoxicillin and sulfamethoxazole were detected before and after the Point G wastewater treatment. No antibiotic residue was detected in the "Chikoroni" sewer system which discharged the Point G wastewater. Amoxicillin and sulfamethoxazole were also detected in the wastewater of the hospital "le Luxembourg" which doesn't have a wastewater treatment plant and in the "Djafranako" sewer system which discharged the wastewater of this hospital. Erythromycin and metronidazole were detected only in the Point G wastewater. Chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin and tetracyclin were not detected in the two hospital wastewater. The antibiotic residues concentrations at the different moments show the same high level in the different sites.

Hospitals play a role in the antibiotic dissemination into the environment. In Bamako, the wastewater quality is not alarming, but every hospital must get a sewer system.