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Does Hyperbaric Oxygenation Improve Athletic Performance?

Vida Šet1, Helena Lenasi

  • 1Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.

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|July 28, 2022
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Hyperbaric oxygenation (HBO) may not consistently enhance athletic performance. Research shows contradictory results regarding its ergogenic effects, with a need for more rigorous studies before recommending its use in athletes.

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Area of Science:

  • Sports Science
  • Exercise Physiology
  • Hyperbaric Medicine

Background:

  • Hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) is proposed to enhance oxygen availability and delay fatigue, potentially improving athletic performance.
  • Mechanisms include modulation of metabolic pathways and antioxidant defenses, with speculation of synergistic effects when combined with exercise.

Approach:

  • A systematic literature review evaluated acute HBO exposure on exercise performance, combined HBO and training effects, and underlying mechanisms.
  • Searches were conducted in PubMed and Scopus databases, supplemented by hyperbaric textbooks.
  • Twenty-seven studies were included, assessing exercise during/after HBO, HBO during recovery, and combined HBO/training protocols.

Key Points:

  • Results are contradictory, with studies reporting either positive or no ergogenic effects of HBO on athletic performance.
  • Potential risks of bias and placebo effects were identified.
  • Heterogeneity in HBO and exercise protocols across studies may explain discrepant findings.

Conclusions:

  • Current evidence on the ergogenic effects of hyperbaric oxygenation in athletes is inconclusive.
  • Further well-designed trials are necessary to determine the efficacy and optimal application of HBO for performance enhancement.
  • HBO is not currently recommended for routine use in athletes due to insufficient evidence.