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Maternal hypothyroidism is associated with M-opsin developmental delay.

Kazuma Saito1,2, Kazuhiko Horiguchi1, Sayaka Yamada1

  • 1Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan.

Journal of Molecular Endocrinology
|July 28, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Maternal hypothyroidism delays M-opsin development in neonatal mice. Congenital central hypothyroidism in pups born to euthyroid dams did not affect opsin development, indicating maternal thyroid status is key.

Keywords:
maternal hypothyroidismopsin developmentretinathyroid hormone

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Biology
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Thyroid hormones are essential for normal opsin development and color vision.
  • Maternal hypothyroidism's impact on offspring opsin development is not well understood.
  • Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) knockout mice serve as a model for congenital central hypothyroidism.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of maternal and congenital central hypothyroidism on opsin development in mice.
  • To analyze the expression of S-opsin and M-opsin in neonatal mice under different thyroid conditions.
  • To assess the role of TRH in regulating opsin development during critical early life stages.

Main Methods:

  • Examined mRNA and protein expression of S/M-opsins in TRH knockout mice and their littermates.
  • Analyzed iodothyronine deiodinase (DIO1, DIO2, DIO3) mRNA levels in retina and liver.
  • Compared opsin development in offspring from hypothyroid dams versus euthyroid dams at various postnatal days.

Main Results:

  • Maternal hypothyroidism led to reduced M-opsin expression in early developmental stages.
  • S-opsin expression was not significantly altered by maternal hypothyroidism.
  • Congenital central hypothyroidism in pups born to euthyroid dams did not result in significant opsin developmental delays.

Conclusions:

  • Maternal thyroid hormone status critically influences M-opsin development in neonatal mice.
  • Congenital central hypothyroidism alone, without maternal hypothyroidism, does not impede opsin development.
  • These findings highlight the importance of maternal thyroid function for normal visual system development.