Anthropometric parameters and radiation doses during percutaneous coronary procedures

Area of Science:

• Radiology
• Cardiology
• Medical Physics

Background:

• Patient radiation dose in percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) is influenced by body size.
• Commonly used body size metrics include body mass index, body surface area (BSA), lean body mass, and weight.

Purpose of the Study:

• To identify which body size measures and procedural/clinical characteristics best predict patient radiation dose during PCI.
• To optimize radiation dose management in PCI procedures.

Main Methods:

• Analysis of 6623 PCI cases, measuring radiation dose using Dose Area Product (DAP) and Air Kerma.
• Utilized multiple linear regression models to assess correlations between anthropometric, clinical, and procedural variables with radiation dose parameters.
• Identified the most predictive models for each radiation dose endpoint.

Main Results:

• Body surface area (BSA) demonstrated the strongest correlation with all radiation dose parameters.
• Each 1 m² increase in BSA correlated with significant increases in fluoroscopy DAP rate and total DAP.
• Female sex and height were associated with reduced radiation dose, while factors like diabetes and number of treated vessels increased dose.

Conclusions:

• BSA, female sex, height, and the number of treated vessels are key determinants of patient radiation dose in PCI.
• Findings can assist clinicians in tailoring X-ray administration based on patient size, particularly relevant given increasing PCI complexity and obesity prevalence.