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Adipocyte-Cancer Cell Interactions in the Bone Microenvironment.

Meredith O C Otley1, Christopher J Sinal1

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Bone marrow fat cells (adipocytes) influence cancer spread and growth in bones. Increased bone marrow fat volume and adipocyte-secreted factors promote bone metastasis in prostate, breast, and lung cancers.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Bone Biology
  • Cancer Metastasis
  • Cellular Interactions

Background:

  • Bone marrow adipocytes' role in their microenvironment is less understood than other fat cells.
  • Bone marrow adipocytes originate from multipotent bone marrow stromal cells, influenced by factors like age and thiazolidinediones.
  • Increased bone marrow adipose tissue volume may enhance bone metastasis attractiveness and cancer cell growth.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent developments on factors increasing bone marrow adipose tissue volume.
  • To assess the role of adipocyte-secreted factors in bone metastatic prostate and breast cancer progression.
  • To highlight recent findings on adipocyte-cancer cell cross-talk in lung and prostate cancer metastasis.

Main Methods:

  • Mini-review of recent research developments.
  • Assessment of factors influencing bone marrow adipose tissue volume.
  • Analysis of adipocyte-secreted factors in bone metastasis.

Main Results:

  • Bone marrow adipocytes secrete lipids, cytokines, and adipokines that mediate interactions with cancer cells.
  • Bone marrow adipose tissue expansion supports and exacerbates bone metastasis in prostate, breast, lung, and multiple myeloma.
  • Complex cross-talk exists between adipocytes and metastatic cells in lung and prostate cancer.

Conclusions:

  • Bone marrow adipocytes play a significant role in bone metastasis progression.
  • Adipocyte-secreted factors and increased bone marrow fat volume are key contributors to cancer spread in bone.
  • Understanding adipocyte-cancer cell interactions is crucial for targeting bone metastasis.