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Carcinogenicity of Poorly Soluble Low Toxicity Particles: Commentary on Epidemiology as a Risk Assessment "Reality
Kenneth A Mundt1, Annette B Santamaria1, William J Thompson1
1Cardno ChemRisk now Stantec, San Francisco, CA, United States.
Frontiers in Public Health
|July 29, 2022
Summary
Poorly soluble low toxicity (PSLT) particles accumulating in the lung do not appear to increase human lung cancer risk, even at high occupational exposures. Epidemiological data provide a crucial "reality check" for risk assessments.
Area of Science:
- Toxicology
- Occupational Health
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Poorly soluble low toxicity (PSLT) particles can accumulate in lungs and cause lung cancer in rats at overload doses.
- Human risk assessment is complicated by species differences and high animal study doses compared to human exposures.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate human lung cancer risk from occupational exposure to PSLT particles.
- To assess the validity of using epidemiological data as a "reality check" in risk assessment.
Main Methods:
- Review of epidemiological studies on occupational exposure to carbon black, talc, and taconite.
- Comparison of human epidemiological findings with animal study extrapolations.
Main Results:
- Epidemiological evidence shows no elevated lung cancer risk in humans, even with high occupational exposure to PSLT particles.
- Non-malignant respiratory diseases like pneumoconiosis and talcosis were observed, but not increased lung cancer risk.
Conclusions:
- PSLT particles are unlikely to increase human lung cancer risk, even at high occupational exposure levels.
- Epidemiological evidence serves as a vital "reality check" for human risk assessment of PSLT particles.
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