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Subglottic mucormycosis in a COVID-19 patient: a rare case report

Behrooz Amirzargar1, Mehrdad Jafari1, Zahra Ahmadinejad2

  • 1Otorhinolaryngology Research Center, Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Oxford Medical Case Reports
|July 29, 2022
PubMed

Insights

COVID-19 is a new risk factor for mucormycosis, an opportunistic fungal infection. This case highlights a rare subglottic mucormycosis in a patient treated for COVID-19, emphasizing the need for vigilance.

Area of Science:

  • Mycology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Otolaryngology

Background:

  • Mucormycosis is an opportunistic fungal infection caused by Mucorales fungi.
  • Known risk factors include uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, neutropenia, and corticosteroid therapy.
  • Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an emerging risk factor facilitating mucormycosis through various mechanisms.

Observation:

  • A 51-year-old woman developed respiratory distress and a subglottic lesion during treatment for COVID-19 (Delta variant).
  • Histopathological examination confirmed subglottic mucormycosis postoperatively.
  • The patient required tracheostomy and debridement of necrotic tissue, followed by antifungal treatment.

Findings:

  • This case presents a rare instance of subglottic mucormycosis, a less common anatomical site for this infection.
  • The association between COVID-19 and mucormycosis in the laryngeal and airway regions is increasingly recognized.
  • New clinical manifestations of COVID-19 continue to emerge.

Implications:

  • The findings underscore the importance of considering mucormycosis in patients with COVID-19, particularly those with respiratory symptoms.
  • A combined medical and surgical approach is recommended for optimal management of mucormycosis.
  • Increased awareness and diagnostic vigilance are crucial for addressing this potentially life-threatening fungal infection in the context of COVID-19.

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