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Impact of Cardiac Interoception on the Self-Prioritization Effect
Tatsuru Honda1, Takashi Nakao2
1Graduate School of Education, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.
Frontiers in Psychology
|July 29, 2022
Summary
Higher interoceptive accuracy (IAc) correlates with a reduced self-prioritization effect (SPE) for newly self-associated stimuli. This suggests individuals prioritize internal bodily signals over external self-related information when interoception is heightened.
Area of Science:
- Cognitive Neuroscience
- Psychology
- Psychophysiology
Background:
- Self-relevant information processing is biased towards faster and more accurate recognition, a phenomenon known as the self-prioritization effect (SPE).
- Interoception, the processing of internal bodily signals, is vital for self-relatedness but its role in SPE is not well understood.
- The self-prioritization effect (SPE) demonstrates preferential processing of information linked to the self, even if recently associated.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the relationship between interoceptive accuracy (IAc) and the magnitude of the self-prioritization effect (SPE).
- To explore the causal link between IAc and SPE by manipulating stimulus presentation relative to the cardiac cycle.
- To determine if interoception influences the processing of temporarily self-associated external stimuli.
Main Methods:
- Participants completed a shape-label matching task presenting self- or other-relevant stimuli.
- Stimulus presentation was synchronized with the participant's cardiac cycle (systole and diastole).
- Interoceptive accuracy (IAc) was measured to assess the ability to perceive internal bodily states.
Main Results:
- Interoceptive accuracy (IAc) showed a negative correlation with the magnitude of the self-prioritization effect (SPE).
- This correlation was significant specifically during cardiac systole, a period of heightened interoceptive processing.
- Higher IAc was associated with reduced discrimination of self-relevant stimuli, but not other-relevant stimuli.
Conclusions:
- Individuals with greater interoceptive accuracy (IAc) exhibit diminished sensitivity to newly associated self-relevant external stimuli.
- Heightened interoception may lead individuals to prioritize internal bodily signals over temporarily linked external self-related information.
- The influence of interoception on self-relevant processing may depend on stimulus familiarity and the experimental paradigm used.
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