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Changes in liver enzymes and association with prognosis in patients with COVID-19: a retrospective case-control study

Farhad Shaveisi-Zadeh1, Bahram Nikkho2, Mohamaad Bagher Khadem Erfan3

  • 1Clinical Research Development Center, Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.

The Journal of International Medical Research
|July 29, 2022
PubMed

Insights

This study investigated COVID-19 patient lab results, finding elevated liver enzymes (ALT) and altered blood cell counts. However, these markers did not correlate with patient mortality, suggesting caution in attributing liver damage solely to SARS-CoV-2.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Hepatology
  • Hematology

Background:

  • COVID-19 poses a significant global health risk.
  • Understanding the laboratory manifestations of COVID-19 is crucial for patient management.
  • Liver enzyme alterations are frequently observed in COVID-19 patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine laboratory investigations in COVID-19 patients.
  • To specifically analyze liver enzyme levels in relation to COVID-19 infection.
  • To investigate the association between laboratory findings and patient survival.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective, single-center study of 77 COVID-19 patients.
  • Analysis of complete blood cell count, WBC, NLR, PLR, LMR, ALT, and alkaline phosphatase.
  • Comparison of laboratory findings between COVID-19 patients and 63 healthy controls.

Main Results:

  • COVID-19 patients exhibited elevated ALT, WBC, neutrophils, NLR, and PLR compared to controls.
  • Patients with COVID-19 showed decreased platelet counts and lymphocytes.
  • Elevated AST, NLR, PLR, and LMR were observed but not linked to mortality.

Conclusions:

  • While certain laboratory markers are altered in COVID-19, they do not predict mortality.
  • Elevated AST levels in COVID-19 patients require careful interpretation due to AST presence in other tissues.
  • Further research is needed to clarify the direct impact of SARS-CoV-2 on liver function.
Abstract

Keywords:
COVID-19SARS-CoV-2case–control studyliver diseaseliver enzymeliver injury

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