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Using a Comparative Species Approach to Investigate the Neurobiology of Paternal Responses
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A meta-analysis on observed paternal and maternal sensitivity.

Audrey-Ann Deneault1, Natasha J Cabrera2, Jean-François Bureau3

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.

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|July 29, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Mothers show slightly higher observed parental sensitivity than fathers. However, parental sensitivity levels correlate moderately, especially in certain cultural contexts and assessment types.

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Psychology
  • Family Studies
  • Parent-Child Interaction

Background:

  • Parental sensitivity is crucial for child development.
  • Previous research has yielded mixed findings on maternal versus paternal sensitivity.
  • Understanding dyadic parental sensitivity informs interventions and policy.

Approach:

  • Two meta-analyses synthesized data from 93 studies (N=10,980 child-father dyads) published between 1983-2020.
  • Examined observed parental sensitivity in partnered mothers and fathers of children aged 3-180 months.
  • Utilized micro-coding and triadic/family assessments to explore nuances in sensitivity differences.

Key Points:

  • Maternal observed sensitivity was higher than paternal sensitivity (d=-.27), with larger differences in specific assessment contexts.
  • Sensitivity differences decreased over time and were non-significant in European samples.
  • A moderate correlation (r=.23) was found between maternal and paternal observed sensitivity, higher in Middle Eastern samples and with composite scales.

Conclusions:

  • While mothers exhibit slightly higher observed sensitivity, a significant correlation exists between maternal and paternal sensitivity.
  • Assessment methods and cultural context influence observed differences and correlations in parental sensitivity.
  • Findings highlight the importance of considering both individual parental contributions and dyadic interactions in child development research.