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Meningococcal pericarditis caused by the MenW:cc11 strain in an older adult

Gaëlle Moerman1, D Verleyen1, Ph Rogiers2

  • 1Cardiology, AZ Sint Lucas, Brugge, Belgium.

Acta Clinica Belgica
|July 29, 2022
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) caused by Neisseria meningitidis, particularly serogroup W (MenW), is increasing globally. MenW infections present atypically and have a higher fatality rate, requiring clinical vigilance.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Epidemiology
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • Invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) caused by Neisseria meningitidis has high mortality and morbidity.
  • Serogroup W meningococci (MenW) infections were historically sporadic but are now surging globally.
  • MenW infections are associated with increased case fatality rates and atypical clinical presentations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report on the increasing incidence of MenW infections.
  • To highlight atypical presentations of MenW infections, including pericarditis.
  • To emphasize the need for clinical vigilance in older adults with pericarditis.

Main Methods:

  • Case report of an older adult diagnosed with pericarditis and meningococcemia due to MenW:ST11.
  • Review of recent epidemiological data for MenW in Belgium.
  • Analysis of clinical presentations associated with MenW infections.

Main Results:

  • An older adult presented with acute shortness of breath, chest pain, and fever, diagnosed with pericarditis and meningococcemia from MenW:ST11.
  • MenW has been identified in patients with pneumonia, gastro-intestinal symptoms, arthritis, and pericarditis.
  • Belgium's National Reference Laboratory is observing an increase in MenW disease.

Conclusions:

  • Clinicians should be vigilant for underlying etiologies in patients with pericarditis, especially when poor prognostic factors are present.
  • The increasing incidence and atypical presentations of MenW infections necessitate heightened awareness.
  • Prompt diagnosis and management are crucial for improving outcomes in MenW disease.
Keywords:
N. meningitidisPericarditisinvasive meningococcal diseaseserogroup W

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