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COVID-19 vaccination and carditis in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Oscar Hou In Chou1, Jonathan Mui1, Cheuk To Chung1

  • 1Epidemiology Research Unit, Cardiovascular Analytics Group, China-UK Collaboration, Hong Kong, China.

Clinical Research in Cardiology : Official Journal of the German Cardiac Society
|July 29, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Carditis is a rare side effect of COVID-19 vaccination in young people, occurring at a rate of approximately 38 per million doses. Most cases are mild and resolve quickly, with higher rates observed in males and after the second dose.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Vaccinology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • COVID-19 vaccination has been linked to carditis, particularly in pediatric males.
  • Global rates of post-vaccination carditis in children and adolescents require systematic investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the incidence of carditis in pediatric and adolescent populations following COVID-19 vaccination.

Main Methods:

  • Searched PubMed, Embase, and Latin American databases for relevant studies.
  • Extracted event counts and at-risk populations; calculated rate ratios per million doses.
  • Performed subgroup analysis based on vaccine dose and patient demographics.

Main Results:

  • Analyzed 39 studies involving 12,602,625 COVID-19 vaccine doses, identifying 343 carditis cases (pooled rate: 37.76/million).
  • Carditis rates were higher in males (rate ratio: 5.04) and after the second vaccine dose (rate ratio: 5.60).
  • Most cases (99.67%) resolved, with common symptoms including chest pain, ECG abnormalities, and myocardial edema on CMR.

Conclusions:

  • Post-COVID-19 vaccination carditis is rare in children and adolescents globally.
  • The majority of carditis episodes are self-limiting with rapid symptom resolution.
  • Balancing vaccine benefits against rare risks like carditis is crucial.
Abstract

Keywords:
COVID-19CarditisMyocarditisPericarditisVaccine

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