Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 3, 2025

Glycemic Impact on Knee Osteoarthritis Symptoms on Physical, Radiographic, and Inflammatory Markers among Individuals Aged 50 and Over with Diabetes
07:22

Glycemic Impact on Knee Osteoarthritis Symptoms on Physical, Radiographic, and Inflammatory Markers among Individuals Aged 50 and Over with Diabetes

Published on: March 7, 2025

366

Glucose metabolism in systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis

Papatsorn Suppasit1, Soamarat Vilaiyuk1, Preamrudee Poomthavorn1

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, 270 Rama VI Road, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.

Pediatric Rheumatology Online Journal
|July 29, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (SJIA) in overweight/obese children is linked to higher insulin resistance and impaired glucose metabolism. This suggests an increased risk for developing diabetes in these young patients.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Rheumatology
  • Endocrinology
  • Metabolic Disorders

Background:

  • Systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (SJIA) is a chronic childhood inflammatory disease.
  • Chronic inflammation in SJIA may lead to insulin resistance and abnormal glucose metabolism, similar to adult RA.
  • Glucose metabolism in SJIA patients has not been previously studied.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity in children and young adults with SJIA.
  • To compare metabolic parameters between SJIA patients and healthy controls.

Main Methods:

  • Recruited 39 SJIA patients (aged 4-25 years) and obese normoglycemic controls.
  • Conducted oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTT) for all participants.
  • Calculated insulin sensitivity (HOMA-IR, WBISI) and beta-cell function (IGI, DI) indices.

Main Results:

  • Overweight/obese (OW/OB) SJIA patients showed significantly higher insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and lower insulin sensitivity (WBISI) compared to OW/OB controls.
  • OW/OB SJIA patients also exhibited higher insulin secretion (IGI).
  • Lean SJIA patients had comparable insulin sensitivity to lean controls.

Conclusions:

  • Overweight/obese children with SJIA exhibit increased insulin resistance.
  • These findings suggest a potential heightened risk for diabetes development in this population.
  • Further research is warranted to confirm these metabolic alterations.
Abstract

Keywords:
DiabetesInsulin resistanceInsulin sensitivityOral glucose tolerance testPrediabetes

More Related Videos

Adoptive Immunotherapy of iNKT Cells in Glucose-6-Phosphate Isomerase G6PI-Induced RA Mice08:43

Adoptive Immunotherapy of iNKT Cells in Glucose-6-Phosphate Isomerase G6PI-Induced RA Mice

Published on: January 31, 2020

6.9K
A Simple Flow Cytometric Method to Measure Glucose Uptake and Glucose Transporter Expression for Monocyte Subpopulations in Whole Blood06:28

A Simple Flow Cytometric Method to Measure Glucose Uptake and Glucose Transporter Expression for Monocyte Subpopulations in Whole Blood

Published on: August 12, 2016

16.8K

Related Concept Videos

Glucose Homeostasis: Regulation of Blood Glucose01:02

Glucose Homeostasis: Regulation of Blood Glucose

Carbohydrates consumed through foods are converted into glucose, a crucial energy source for the body. In the prandial state, high blood glucose levels stimulate the secretion of insulin from the pancreas. Insulin inhibits hepatic glucose production and stimulates glucose uptake and metabolism by muscle and adipose tissue. The excess glucose is converted into glycogen and stored in the liver and muscles.
During fasting, when blood glucose levels are low, the pancreas secretes glucagon. it...
2.3K
Glucose Homeostasis: Pancreatic Islets and Insulin Secretion01:27

Glucose Homeostasis: Pancreatic Islets and Insulin Secretion

The pancreatic islets comprising only 1%-2% of the volume are highly vascularized and innervated mini-organs. They contain five endocrine cell types, including β cells that secrete insulin, which is synthesized as a single polypeptide chain, preproinsulin, processed to proinsulin, and finally to insulin and C-peptide. This process is complex and regulated, involving the Golgi complex, the endoplasmic reticulum, and the secretory granules of the β cell.
Insulin and C-peptide are...
1.4K
Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels due to inadequate insulin production, insulin resistance, or both. The condition affects millions worldwide and can significantly impact their health and quality of life.
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
3.0K
Pathophysiology of Diabetes01:20

Pathophysiology of Diabetes

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. The four categories of diabetes are type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, other specific types of diabetes, and gestational diabetes.
Type 1 diabetes is characterized by autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β cells, with environmental factors potentially triggering this process in genetically susceptible individuals. Despite many not having a family history, certain genes increase susceptibility,...
1.2K
Glucose Absorption Into the Small Intestine01:26

Glucose Absorption Into the Small Intestine

Complex carbohydrates consumed cannot be absorbed into the small intestine in their original form. First, they must be hydrolyzed to a monosaccharide form such as glucose or galactose. These monosaccharides are then transported across the intestinal membrane and into the blood via transcellular transport. The intestinal epithelial cells allow the movement of these monosaccharides with a defined 'entry' through membrane transporter proteins present on their apical membrane and...
32.2K
Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational

Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
2.8K