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Using Eye Movements Recorded in the Visual World Paradigm to Explore the Online Processing of Spoken Language
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Perception of orbital epitheses evaluated with eye tracker.

Fulya Basmacı1, Tuggen Özcivelek Mersin2, Berna Turgut3

  • 1Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Ankara, Turkey.

Journal of Prosthodontics : Official Journal of the American College of Prosthodontists
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PubMed
Summary

Prosthodontists and dental students focus more on the mouth and eyes when viewing orbital prostheses compared to laypeople. Eye-tracking technology objectively measured attention to facial areas, confirming this difference.

Keywords:
Estheticseye trackingface perceptionmaxillofacial prosthesisorbital epithesis

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Prosthodontics
  • Human-Computer Interaction

Background:

  • Orbital epitheses restore facial aesthetics after eyeball loss.
  • Understanding public perception and attention to epitheses is crucial for patient acceptance.
  • Objective evaluation tools are needed to quantify visual attention patterns.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare how prosthodontists, dentistry students, and laypeople perceive orbital epitheses.
  • To utilize eye-tracking technology for objective evaluation of visual attention to facial areas.
  • To identify differences in gaze patterns and fixation durations among observer groups.

Main Methods:

  • Facial images of patients with orbital epitheses were presented to 81 observers (prosthodontists, students, laypeople).
  • Eye-tracking technology recorded gaze data, including fixation duration and count.
  • Statistical analysis (Kruskal-Wallis H test) compared attention parameters across groups.

Main Results:

  • All groups fixated on the eyes most significantly in symmetrical images.
  • Prosthodontists and students showed longer fixation durations on the mouth compared to laypeople.
  • Time to first fixation on the epithesis, nose, and eye was shorter than on the forehead and mouth for all observers.

Conclusions:

  • The eyes are the primary focus for all observer groups.
  • Dental professionals (prosthodontists, students) exhibit heightened attention to the mouth region alongside the eyes.
  • Objective eye-tracking data confirmed differential attention patterns towards orbital prostheses and facial features.